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Demographic changes and the housing market

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  • Gong, Yifan
  • Yao, Yuxi

Abstract

What is the contribution of demographic changes to house prices? We answer this question by analyzing various channels through which changes related to demographics may affect aggregate housing demand and supply differently. Specifically, we focus on the changes in life expectancy, international immigration, urbanization and fertility. As these changes are sustainable and predictable, understanding the role they play in the real estate markets is important for predicting future house prices. We develop and estimate a general equilibrium supply-demand model to evaluate the contribution of these factors and find that they can account for 40.54% of the observed house price growth from 1970 to 2010. Adopting the projection of these four factors provided by Census and the United Nations, we use our model to predict house prices through 2050. We find that the house price will keep growing from 2010 to 2050 by 4.42%–18.85%, depending on urbanization rates and the level of immigration.

Suggested Citation

  • Gong, Yifan & Yao, Yuxi, 2022. "Demographic changes and the housing market," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:regeco:v:95:y:2022:i:c:s0166046221000946
    DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2021.103734
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    1. Shahab Valaei Sharif & Dawn Cassandra Parker & Paul Waddell & Ted Tsiakopoulos, 2023. "Understanding the Effects of Market Volatility on Profitability Perceptions of Housing Market Developers," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-34, October.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Rising life expectancy; Urbanization; Immigration; House prices; Supply-demand model;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E30 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)
    • J11 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Demographic Trends, Macroeconomic Effects, and Forecasts
    • R13 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - General Equilibrium and Welfare Economic Analysis of Regional Economies
    • R21 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Housing Demand
    • R31 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location - - - Housing Supply and Markets

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