IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/regeco/v106y2024ics0166046224000358.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Estimating spatial autoregressions under heteroskedasticity without searching for instruments

Author

Listed:
  • Bao, Yong

Abstract

This paper proposes estimating higher-order spatial autoregressions with spatial autoregressive errors and heteroskedastic error innovations without searching for instruments by explicitly exploiting the endogeneity of spatial lags in the outcome and error equations. The resulting estimator is shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal. Monte Carlo experiments demonstrate that it possesses better finite-sample properties than existing estimators. An empirical study of venture capital funding for biotechnology firms illustrates that spatial correlation stretches as far as 20 miles and that the number of venture capital firms in close proximity has stronger impact on the level of funding than as reported in an existing study.

Suggested Citation

  • Bao, Yong, 2024. "Estimating spatial autoregressions under heteroskedasticity without searching for instruments," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 106(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:regeco:v:106:y:2024:i:c:s0166046224000358
    DOI: 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104011
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166046224000358
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2024.104011?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yong Bao & Xiaotian Liu, 2021. "Estimating a spatial autoregressive model with autoregressive disturbances based on the indirect inference principle," Spatial Economic Analysis, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(4), pages 506-529, October.
    2. Kelejian, Harry H & Prucha, Ingmar R, 1998. "A Generalized Spatial Two-Stage Least Squares Procedure for Estimating a Spatial Autoregressive Model with Autoregressive Disturbances," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 17(1), pages 99-121, July.
    3. Kelejian, Harry H. & Prucha, Ingmar R., 2010. "Specification and estimation of spatial autoregressive models with autoregressive and heteroskedastic disturbances," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 157(1), pages 53-67, July.
    4. Zhang, Xinyu & Yu, Jihai, 2018. "Spatial weights matrix selection and model averaging for spatial autoregressive models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 203(1), pages 1-18.
    5. Newey, Whitney K, 1990. "Efficient Instrumental Variables Estimation of Nonlinear Models," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 58(4), pages 809-837, July.
    6. Gupta, Abhimanyu & Robinson, Peter M., 2015. "Inference on higher-order spatial autoregressive models with increasingly many parameters," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 186(1), pages 19-31.
    7. Yong Bao, 2023. "Indirect inference estimation of higher-order spatial autoregressive models," Econometric Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 42(3), pages 247-280, February.
    8. Clifford Lam & Pedro C.L. Souza, 2020. "Estimation and Selection of Spatial Weight Matrix in a Spatial Lag Model," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 38(3), pages 693-710, July.
    9. Lee, Lung-fei, 2007. "The method of elimination and substitution in the GMM estimation of mixed regressive, spatial autoregressive models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 140(1), pages 155-189, September.
    10. Amemiya, Takeshi, 1974. "The nonlinear two-stage least-squares estimator," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 2(2), pages 105-110, July.
    11. Liu, Shew Fan & Yang, Zhenlin, 2015. "Modified QML estimation of spatial autoregressive models with unknown heteroskedasticity and nonnormality," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 50-70.
    12. H. Kelejian, Harry & Prucha, Ingmar R., 2001. "On the asymptotic distribution of the Moran I test statistic with applications," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 104(2), pages 219-257, September.
    13. Lee, Lung-Fei, 2002. "Consistency And Efficiency Of Least Squares Estimation For Mixed Regressive, Spatial Autoregressive Models," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 18(2), pages 252-277, April.
    14. Yong Bao & Xiaotian Liu & Lihong Yang, 2020. "Indirect Inference Estimation of Spatial Autoregressions," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-26, September.
    15. Smith, A A, Jr, 1993. "Estimating Nonlinear Time-Series Models Using Simulated Vector Autoregressions," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 8(S), pages 63-84, Suppl. De.
    16. Harald Badinger & Peter Egger, 2011. "Estimation of higher‐order spatial autoregressive cross‐section models with heteroscedastic disturbances," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 90(1), pages 213-235, March.
    17. Jin, Fei & Lee, Lung-fei, 2019. "GEL estimation and tests of spatial autoregressive models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 208(2), pages 585-612.
    18. Lung-Fei Lee, 2004. "Asymptotic Distributions of Quasi-Maximum Likelihood Estimators for Spatial Autoregressive Models," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 72(6), pages 1899-1925, November.
    19. Elhorst, J. Paul & Lacombe, Donald J. & Piras, Gianfranco, 2012. "On model specification and parameter space definitions in higher order spatial econometric models," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 42(1-2), pages 211-220.
    20. Kolympiris, Christos & Kalaitzandonakes, Nicholas & Miller, Douglas, 2011. "Spatial collocation and venture capital in the US biotechnology industry," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 40(9), pages 1188-1199.
    21. Maria Kyriacou & Peter C. B. Phillips & Francesca Rossi, 2017. "Indirect inference in spatial autoregression," Econometrics Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 20(2), pages 168-189, June.
    22. Maria Kyriacou & Peter C. B. Phillips & Francesca Rossi, 2017. "Indirect inference in spatial autoregression," Econometrics Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 20(2), pages 168-189, June.
    23. Lee, Lung-fei, 2007. "GMM and 2SLS estimation of mixed regressive, spatial autoregressive models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 137(2), pages 489-514, April.
    24. Lee, Lung-fei & Liu, Xiaodong, 2010. "Efficient Gmm Estimation Of High Order Spatial Autoregressive Models With Autoregressive Disturbances," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 26(1), pages 187-230, February.
    25. Lung-fei Lee, 2003. "Best Spatial Two-Stage Least Squares Estimators for a Spatial Autoregressive Model with Autoregressive Disturbances," Econometric Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(4), pages 307-335.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yong Bao & Xiaotian Liu & Lihong Yang, 2020. "Indirect Inference Estimation of Spatial Autoregressions," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-26, September.
    2. Shew Fan Liu & Zhenlin Yang, 2015. "Asymptotic Distribution and Finite Sample Bias Correction of QML Estimators for Spatial Error Dependence Model," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 3(2), pages 1-36, May.
    3. Debarsy, Nicolas & Jin, Fei & Lee, Lung-fei, 2015. "Large sample properties of the matrix exponential spatial specification with an application to FDI," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 188(1), pages 1-21.
    4. Jin, Fei & Lee, Lung-fei, 2019. "GEL estimation and tests of spatial autoregressive models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 208(2), pages 585-612.
    5. Gupta, Abhimanyu & Robinson, Peter M., 2018. "Pseudo maximum likelihood estimation of spatial autoregressive models with increasing dimension," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 202(1), pages 92-107.
    6. Rossi, Francesca & Lieberman, Offer, 2023. "Spatial autoregressions with an extended parameter space and similarity-based weights," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 235(2), pages 1770-1798.
    7. Debarsy, Nicolas & Ertur, Cem, 2019. "Interaction matrix selection in spatial autoregressive models with an application to growth theory," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 49-69.
    8. Rossi, Francesca & Robinson, Peter M., 2023. "Higher-order least squares inference for spatial autoregressions," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 232(1), pages 244-269.
    9. Doğan, Osman & Taşpınar, Süleyman, 2014. "Spatial autoregressive models with unknown heteroskedasticity: A comparison of Bayesian and robust GMM approach," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 1-21.
    10. Liu, Xiaodong & Lee, Lung-fei, 2010. "GMM estimation of social interaction models with centrality," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 159(1), pages 99-115, November.
    11. repec:esx:essedp:772 is not listed on IDEAS
    12. Gupta, Abhimanyu, 2023. "Efficient closed-form estimation of large spatial autoregressions," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 232(1), pages 148-167.
    13. Gupta, Abhimanyu, 2019. "Estimation Of Spatial Autoregressions With Stochastic Weight Matrices," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 35(2), pages 417-463, April.
    14. Fei Jin & Lung‐fei Lee & Kai Yang, 2024. "Best linear and quadratic moments for spatial econometric models with an application to spatial interdependence patterns of employment growth in US counties," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(4), pages 640-658, June.
    15. Badi H. Baltagi & Peter H. Egger & Michaela Kesina, 2022. "Bayesian estimation of multivariate panel probits with higher‐order network interdependence and an application to firms' global market participation in Guangdong," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 37(7), pages 1356-1378, November.
    16. Doğan, Osman & Taşpınar, Süleyman, 2013. "GMM estimation of spatial autoregressive models with moving average disturbances," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(6), pages 903-926.
    17. Jin, Fei & Lee, Lung-fei, 2012. "Approximated likelihood and root estimators for spatial interaction in spatial autoregressive models," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 42(3), pages 446-458.
    18. Lee, Lung-fei & Yu, Jihai, 2014. "Efficient GMM estimation of spatial dynamic panel data models with fixed effects," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 180(2), pages 174-197.
    19. Luc Anselin, 2010. "Thirty years of spatial econometrics," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 89(1), pages 3-25, March.
    20. Francesca Rossi & Peter M. Robinson, 2020. "Higher-Order Least Squares Inference for Spatial Autoregressions," Working Papers 04/2020, University of Verona, Department of Economics.
    21. repec:asg:wpaper:1045 is not listed on IDEAS
    22. Lee, Lung-fei & Yu, Jihai, 2010. "Some recent developments in spatial panel data models," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 40(5), pages 255-271, September.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Spatial autoregressions; Heteroskedasticity; Endogeneity;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C21 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models
    • C31 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models; Quantile Regressions; Social Interaction Models
    • C13 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Estimation: General

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:regeco:v:106:y:2024:i:c:s0166046224000358. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/regec .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.