Multilevel assessment method for post-earthquake functionality of medical buildings considering component–department–floor interdependencies

The assessment of the post-earthquake functionality of medical buildings (PEFMB) is critical for the post-earthquake emergency response, recovery, and resilience-based seismic design of medical buildings. Hospitals are complex functional systems that exhibit multilevel functional coupling from components to departments to floors. Existing methods have challenges, including the difficulty of considering the impact of different departments located on different floors on medical functions, and a lack of multilevel performance improvement strategies for enhancing post-earthquake medical functionality. A multilevel assessment method for the PEFMB that considers component–department–floor interdependencies (CDFI) was developed in this study. This method establishes a functional logical relationship between components and departments using fault tree models of typical departments. A multilevel functional coupling relationship among the components, departments, and floors was established by incorporating floor nodes to reflect the impact of departments located on different floors. This enabled the assessment of the PEFMB considering the CDFI. Furthermore, methods for identifying critical failure paths in the PEFMB were developed, and multilevel performance improvement strategies by adjusting medical equipment and departments along the critical failure path were recommended. The proposed method is demonstrated using an outpatient building. The main conclusions are as follows. (1) The proposed multilevel assessment method enables quantitative assessment of the PEFMB and exhibits good scalability. (2) This method provides a clear and intuitive visualization of the critical failure path in healthcare functionality under seismic conditions. The proposed multilevel improvement strategies can enhance the post-earthquake functionality of medical buildings at multiple levels, which provides a valuable reference for the seismic design of medical buildings.