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Hubbard pair cluster in the external fields. Studies of the magnetic properties

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  • Balcerzak, T.
  • Szałowski, K.

Abstract

The magnetic properties of the two-site Hubbard cluster (dimer or pair), embedded in the external electric and magnetic fields and treated as the open system, are studied by means of the exact diagonalization of the Hamiltonian. The formalism of the grand canonical ensemble is adopted. The phase diagrams, on-site magnetizations, spin–spin correlations, mean occupation numbers and hopping energy are investigated and illustrated in figures. An influence of temperature, mean electron concentration, Coulomb U parameter and external fields on the quantities of interest is presented and discussed. In particular, the anomalous behaviour of the magnetization and correlation function vs. temperature near the critical magnetic field is found. Also, the effect of magnetization switching by the external fields is demonstrated.

Suggested Citation

  • Balcerzak, T. & Szałowski, K., 2018. "Hubbard pair cluster in the external fields. Studies of the magnetic properties," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 499(C), pages 395-406.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:phsmap:v:499:y:2018:i:c:p:395-406
    DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2018.02.017
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. F. Mancini & F. P. Mancini, 2009. "Extended Hubbard model in the presence of a magnetic field," The European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, Springer;EDP Sciences, vol. 68(3), pages 341-351, April.
    2. Balcerzak, T. & Szałowski, K., 2017. "Hubbard pair cluster in the external fields. Studies of the chemical potential," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 468(C), pages 252-266.
    3. Spałek, J. & Oleś, A.M. & Chao, K.A., 1979. "Thermodynamic properties of a two-site Hubbard model with orbital degeneracy," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 97(3), pages 552-564.
    4. Lieb, Elliott H. & Wu, F.Y., 2003. "The one-dimensional Hubbard model: a reminiscence," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 321(1), pages 1-27.
    5. Hasegawa, Hideo, 2011. "Thermal entanglement of Hubbard dimers in the nonextensive statistics," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 390(8), pages 1486-1503.
    6. Hasegawa, Hideo, 2005. "Nonextensive thermodynamics of the two-site Hubbard model," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 351(2), pages 273-293.
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    Cited by:

    1. Balcerzak, T. & Szałowski, K., 2018. "Hubbard pair cluster in the external fields. Studies of the polarization and susceptibility," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 512(C), pages 1069-1084.
    2. Villegas, Vladimir P. & Villagonzalo, Cristine D., 2022. "Refrigeration using magnetocaloric and electrocaloric effects in a Fermi–Hubbard optical dimer exposed to a heat bath," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 600(C).

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