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Underpricing versus gross spread: New evidence on the effect of sold shares at the time of IPOs

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  • Chahine, Salim

Abstract

This paper sheds light on the impact of initial owners' decisions to reduce underpricing at the time of initial public offerings (IPOs). Using a sample of 172 French IPOs, empirical findings indicate that the larger the percentage of primary and secondary shares sold, the higher the gross spread paid by initial owners, which reduces underpricing. Above a certain level of primary shares sold, however, underpricing increases. In contrast with prior research on US IPOs, initial owners endogenously determine the fraction of primary and secondary shares sold. When a firm goes public in the Nouveau Marché, the market for high-growth firms, initial owners are more concerned about the signalling effect of the sale of their secondary shares than the dilutive effect of primary shares. Therefore, they pay a larger gross spread in offerings with a higher participation ratio in order to reduce underpricing.

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  • Chahine, Salim, 2008. "Underpricing versus gross spread: New evidence on the effect of sold shares at the time of IPOs," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 18(2), pages 180-196, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:mulfin:v:18:y:2008:i:2:p:180-196
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    Cited by:

    1. Stavros Thomadakis & Christos Nounis & Dimitrios Gounopoulos, 2012. "Long†term Performance of Greek IPOs," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 18(1), pages 117-141, January.
    2. Samarakoon, Lalith P., 2010. "The short-run underpricing of initial public offerings in the Sri Lankan stock market," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 20(4-5), pages 197-213, December.
    3. Evelyne Poincelot & Dominique Poincelot, 2015. "Existe-t-il une gestion managériale du flottant et du prix d’offre lors d’une introduction en Bourse sur Euronext Paris ? - Is there a management of the float and the offer price during an initial pub," Working Papers CREGO 1150102, Université de Bourgogne - CREGO EA7317 Centre de recherches en gestion des organisations.
    4. Goergen, Marc & Khurshed, Arif & Renneboog, Luc, 2009. "Why are the French so different from the Germans? Underpricing of IPOs on the Euro New Markets," International Review of Law and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 29(3), pages 260-271, September.
    5. Manal Alidarous, 2024. "Driving Venture Capital Interest: The Influence of the Big 4 Audit Firms on IPOs," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-31, July.
    6. Kim, Oksana, 2013. "The global recognition strategy of blue chips of the Russian and Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) markets," Journal of Contemporary Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 9(2), pages 151-169.
    7. Fouad Jamaani & Manal Alidarous, 2019. "Review of Theoretical Explanations of IPO Underpricing," Journal of Accounting, Business and Finance Research, Scientific Publishing Institute, vol. 6(1), pages 1-18.
    8. Riccardo Ferretti & Antonio Meles, 2010. "Underpricing, wealth loss for pre-existing shareholders and the cost of going public: the role of private equity backing in Italian IPOs," Venture Capital, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(1), pages 23-47, September.
    9. Giovanni Satta, 2017. "Initial public offerings in the port industry: exploring the determinants of underpricing," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 44(8), pages 1012-1033, November.
    10. Engelen, Peter-Jan & van Essen, Marc, 2010. "Underpricing of IPOs: Firm-, issue- and country-specific characteristics," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(8), pages 1958-1969, August.
    11. Klova, Valeriia, 2017. "IPO underpricing: What about the shipping sector?," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 42, pages 95-115.
    12. Ranajit Kumar Bairagi & William Dimovski, 2012. "The direct costs of raising external equity capital for US REIT IPOs," Journal of Property Investment & Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 30(6), pages 538-562, September.
    13. Alles, Lakshman & Murray, Louis, 2023. "Under-pricing of South and East Asian IPOs: An investigation of the relevance of governance quality in closely controlled companies," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
    14. Katsafados, Apostolos G. & Androutsopoulos, Ion & Chalkidis, Ilias & Fergadiotis, Manos & Leledakis, George N. & Pyrgiotakis, Emmanouil G., 2020. "Textual Information and IPO Underpricing: A Machine Learning Approach," MPRA Paper 103813, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    15. Riccardo Ferretti & Antonio Meles, 2010. "Underpricing, wealth loss for pre-existing shareholders and the cost of going public: the role of private equity backing in Italian IPOs," Venture Capital, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(1), pages 23-47, September.
    16. Salim Chahine & Igor Filatotchev & Shaker A. Zahra, 2011. "Building Perceived Quality of Founder–Involved IPO Firms: Founders’ Effects on Board Selection and Stock Market Performance," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 35(2), pages 319-335, March.

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