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Whale interactions with Alaskan sablefish and Pacific halibut fisheries: Surveying fishermen perception, changing fishing practices and mitigation

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  • Peterson, Megan J.
  • Carothers, Courtney

Abstract

Whale depredation occurs when whales steal fish, damage fish or damage fishing gear. In Alaska, killer whales (Orcinus orca) and sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) primarily depredate on demersal sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) and Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) longline fisheries. Quantitative data on whale depredation in Alaska is limited due to low fishery observer coverage and minimal depredation evidence left on longline fishing gear. This study utilized semidirected interviews (n=70) and written questionnaires (n=95) with longline fishermen to examine: (1) perceptions and experiences of whale–fishery interactions in Alaska, (2) effects of depredation on fishing practices, and (3) potential depredation mitigation measures. Eighty-seven percent of fishermen surveyed agreed that whale depredation became worse between 1990 and 2010. Respondents reported changing their fishing practices in response to depredating whales in several ways, including: traveling up to 50 nautical miles and ceasing hauling operations up to 24h until the whales left the fishing grounds. Respondents fishing in western Alaska, primarily encountering killer whales, were forced to wait longer and travel greater distances than fishermen operating in central and southeast Alaska, regions more affected by sperm whales. Deterrent research, gear modifications and real-time tracking of depredating whales were solutions favored by study participants. Survey respondent answers varied based on areas fished, quota owned, years involved in the fishery and vessel size. This study presents the first statewide evaluation of fishermen's perception and knowledge of whale interactions with the Alaskan longline fleet and is a critical step toward developing baseline data and feasible depredation mitigation strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Peterson, Megan J. & Carothers, Courtney, 2013. "Whale interactions with Alaskan sablefish and Pacific halibut fisheries: Surveying fishermen perception, changing fishing practices and mitigation," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 315-324.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:marpol:v:42:y:2013:i:c:p:315-324
    DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2013.04.001
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Carothers, Courtney, 2013. "A survey of US halibut IFQ holders: Market participation, attitudes, and impacts," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 515-522.
    2. Scholz, Astrid & Bonzon, Kate & Fujita, Rod & Benjamin, Natasha & Woodling, Nicole & Black, Peter & Steinback, Charles, 2004. "Participatory socioeconomic analysis: drawing on fishermen's knowledge for marine protected area planning in California," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 28(4), pages 335-349, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. O׳Regan, Sacha M., 2015. "Harvesters׳ perspectives on the management of British Columbia׳s giant red sea cucumber fishery," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 103-110.
    2. Thomas, Alyssa S. & Milfont, Taciano L. & Gavin, Michael C., 2015. "What determines fishers’ knowledge of and attitudes towards regulations? A case study from the Marlborough Sounds, New Zealand," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 547-554.
    3. Kuznetsov, Andrei & Dinwoodie, John & Gibbs, David & Sansom, Mark & Knowles, Harriet, 2015. "Towards a sustainability management system for smaller ports," Marine Policy, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 59-68.

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