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European Union regulation of gas transmission services: Challenges in the allocation of network resources through entry/exit schemes

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  • Hallack, Michelle
  • Vazquez, Miguel

Abstract

The current definition of “commercial” gas networks in the European Union (EU) is based on entry/exit schemes and balancing mechanisms. This regulation of grid services aims to enhance the liquidity of wholesale markets. In order to facilitate the gas commodity trade among players with different network usage profiles and different network connection points, some network services are socialized across the market zone. That socialization of network services in the EU leaves the task to reconcile physical gas flows and commercial gas flows to a regulated system operator. We show that in practice, it leads, on the one hand, to offer less “commercial” transmission capacity than the physical capacity of the network, and on the other, to the cross-subsidization of line-pack services between high profile and low profile users. The guidelines proposed by the Agency for the Cooperation of Energy Regulators (ACER) for the gas balancing network code do not explicitly address all the drawbacks of existing entry/exit schemes, but they leave room to design mechanisms that increase the efficiency of short-term network allocation. Contributing to this open debate, we point out that improved allocation comes with market mechanisms to allocate short-term network services, instead of relying solely on Transmission System Operators' management of network resources.

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  • Hallack, Michelle & Vazquez, Miguel, 2013. "European Union regulation of gas transmission services: Challenges in the allocation of network resources through entry/exit schemes," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 23-32.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:juipol:v:25:y:2013:i:c:p:23-32
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2013.01.003
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    Cited by:

    1. Bermúdez, Alfredo & González-Díaz, Julio & González-Diéguez, Francisco J. & González-Rueda, Ángel M., 2016. "Gas transmission networks in Europe: Connections between different entry-exit tariff methodologies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 839-851.
    2. Arthur Thomas & Olivier Massol & Benoît Sévi, 2019. "How are day-ahead prices informative for predicting the next day’s consumption of natural gas?," Post-Print hal-04319396, HAL.
    3. Kuper, Gerard H. & Mulder, Machiel, 2016. "Cross-border constraints, institutional changes and integration of the Dutch–German gas market," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 182-192.
    4. Çam , Eren & Lencz, Dominic, 2020. "Pricing short-term gas transmission capacity: A theoretical approach to understand the diverse effects of the multiplier system," EWI Working Papers 2020-2, Energiewirtschaftliches Institut an der Universitaet zu Koeln (EWI).
    5. Zhao, Wei & Liao, Qi & Qiu, Rui & Liu, Chunying & Xu, Ning & Yu, Xiao & Liang, Yongtu, 2024. "Pipe sharing: A bilevel optimization model for the optimal capacity allocation of natural gas network," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 359(C).
    6. Keller, Jann T. & Kuper, Gerard H. & Mulder, Machiel, 2022. "Challenging natural monopolies: Assessing market power of gas transmission system operators for cross-border capacity," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C).
    7. Böttger, T. & Grimm, V. & Kleinert, T. & Schmidt, M., 2022. "The cost of decoupling trade and transport in the European entry-exit gas market with linear physics modeling," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 297(3), pages 1095-1111.
    8. Vazquez, Miguel & Hallack, Michelle, 2015. "Interaction between gas and power market designs," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 23-33.
    9. Anna Schwele & Christos Ordoudis & Pierre Pinson & Jalal Kazempour, 2021. "Coordination of power and natural gas markets via financial instruments," Computational Management Science, Springer, vol. 18(4), pages 505-538, October.
    10. Grimm, Veronika & Grübel, Julia & Schewe, Lars & Schmidt, Martin & Zöttl, Gregor, 2019. "Nonconvex equilibrium models for gas market analysis: Failure of standard techniques and alternative modeling approaches," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 273(3), pages 1097-1108.
    11. Olivier Massol & Albert Banal-Estanol, 2018. "Market Power and Spatial Arbitrage between Interconnected Gas Hubs," The Energy Journal, , vol. 39(2_suppl), pages 67-96, December.
    12. Çam, Eren & Lencz, Dominic, 2021. "Pricing short-term gas transmission capacity: A theoretical approach to understand the diverse effects of the multiplier system," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    13. Veronika Grimm & Lars Schewe & Martin Schmidt & Gregor Zöttl, 2019. "A multilevel model of the European entry-exit gas market," Mathematical Methods of Operations Research, Springer;Gesellschaft für Operations Research (GOR);Nederlands Genootschap voor Besliskunde (NGB), vol. 89(2), pages 223-255, April.
    14. Vazquez, Miguel & Hallack, Michelle, 2013. "Need and design of short-term auctions in the EU gas markets," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 484-493.

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