Ecological response of land use change in a large opencast coal mine area of China

Land is the carrier of ecological environment, and the change of land use is bound to cause changes in many natural phenomena and ecological processes. In turn, the change of ecological environment will largely restrict the degree and direction of land use change in a certain region. With the development of current land use, the ecological response of regional land use has become a research hot spot. The study is mainly based on the improved remote sensing ecological index calculated by MATLAB software. The land use transfer matrix method is used to identify the transferred area and key land types, and spatial multiple regression analysis is used to establish the ecological response equation of key land types. The study provides a reference for land resource development and ecological environment protection in large opencast coal mining areas by quantitatively evaluating the land use change and ecological response process in the study area. The research results show that the remote sensing ecological index is mainly obtained through remote sensing technology, which has the advantages of easy parameter acquisition, large time series span, and wide evaluation range. The improved remote sensing ecological index can better quantitatively reflect the quality of the ecological environment in the study area. The calculation method is intuitive and clear, and has strong theoretical significance and reference function. The conceptual model of ecological response to land use change constructed on this basis can better reveal the dynamic process, action mechanism and changing trend of ecological response. The ecological environment quality of the study area is generally poor, and the ecological environment quality of the poor grade accounts for a large proportion. The change of land use from cultivated land to industrial and mining land is the Granger reason that leads to the decline of ecological environment quality in the study area, and the process of transformation has a strong negative correlation effect on ecological environment quality. Different land use types have different transfer processes and different losses to the quality of the ecological environment.