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Determinants of travel mode choices of post-secondary students in a large metropolitan area: The case of the city of Toronto

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  • Hasnine, Md Sami
  • Lin, TianYang
  • Weiss, Adam
  • Habib, Khandker Nurul

Abstract

The paper presents an investigation on the mode choice behaviour of post-secondary students commuting to school in the city of Toronto. It uses a large-scale dataset collected through a web-based travel diary survey among all students of four universities (seven campuses) in Toronto. Multinomial logit (MNL), nested logit (NL) and cross-nested logit (CNL) models are used for investigating home to school trips mode choices. In terms of goodness-of-fit, the CNL outperforms the MNL and NL model. Furthermore, the proposed CNL model shows fundamental improvements over the MNL and NL models by capturing non-proportional substitution patterns. Empirical models reveal that the mode choice behaviour of female students who travel to downtown campuses differ significantly from female students who travel to suburban campuses. Female students who travel towards downtown are more transit and active mode oriented than those who travel towards outside of downtown. This study also shows mobility tool ownerships (i.e., transit pass, car and bike ownership) and age groups have distinctive influences on student's mode choice behaviour. Using the CNL model as a tool for policy scenario analysis, it is found that public transit users are highly sensitive to changes in travel time. In the context of policy implementation, if bike and ride mode is encouraged during peak hour commuting, there is likely a large amount of latent demand for this mode.

Suggested Citation

  • Hasnine, Md Sami & Lin, TianYang & Weiss, Adam & Habib, Khandker Nurul, 2018. "Determinants of travel mode choices of post-secondary students in a large metropolitan area: The case of the city of Toronto," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 161-171.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jotrge:v:70:y:2018:i:c:p:161-171
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2018.06.003
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    5. Butler, Alex & Sweet, Matthias, 2020. "No free rides: Winners and losers of the proposed Toronto Transit Commission U-Pass program," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 15-28.
    6. Md Sami Hasnine & Khandker Nurul Habib, 2020. "Modelling the dynamics between tour-based mode choices and tour-timing choices in daily activity scheduling," Transportation, Springer, vol. 47(5), pages 2635-2669, October.
    7. Bai, Yihang & Cao, Mengqiu & Wang, Ruoyu & Liu, Yuqi & Wang, Seunghyeon, 2022. "How street greenery facilitates active travel for university students," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 115239, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    8. Mashrur, Sk.Md. & Wang, Kaili & Habib, Khandker Nurul, 2022. "Will COVID-19 be the end for the public transit? Investigating the impacts of public health crisis on transit mode choice," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 352-378.
    9. Hossain, Sanjana & Loa, Patrick & Ong, Felita & Habib, Khandker Nurul, 2022. "The determinants of commute mode usage frequency of post-secondary students in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 164-185.
    10. Sottile, Eleonora & Tuveri, Giovanni & Piras, Francesco & Meloni, Italo, 2022. "Modelling commuting tours versus non-commuting tours for university students. A panel data analysis from different contexts," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 56-67.
    11. Lingjuan Chen & Yijing Zhao & Zupeng Liu & Xinran Yang, 2022. "Construction of Commuters’ Multi-Mode Choice Model Based on Public Transport Operation Data," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-20, November.
    12. Hasnine, Md Sami & Graovac, Ana & Camargo, Felipe & Habib, Khandker Nurul, 2019. "A random utility maximization (RUM) based measure of accessibility to transit: Accurate capturing of the first-mile issue in urban transit," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 313-320.
    13. Bagdatli, Muhammed Emin Cihangir & Ipek, Fatima, 2022. "Transport mode preferences of university students in post-COVID-19 pandemic," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 20-32.
    14. Loa, Patrick & Nurul Habib, Khandker, 2021. "Examining the influence of attitudinal factors on the use of ride-hailing services in Toronto," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 13-28.
    15. Hasnine, Md Sami & Habib, Khandker Nurul, 2018. "What about the dynamics in daily travel mode choices? A dynamic discrete choice approach for tour-based mode choice modelling," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 70-80.
    16. Ao, Yibin & Zhang, Yuting & Wang, Yan & Chen, Yunfeng & Yang, Linchuan, 2020. "Influences of rural built environment on travel mode choice of rural residents: The case of rural Sichuan," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    17. Woo Jang & Fei Yuan & Jose Javier Lopez, 2021. "Investigating Sustainable Commuting Patterns by Socio-Economic Factors," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-14, February.

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