IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/jobuve/v8y2017icp78-86.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Two are better than one: Cortisol as a contingency in the association between epinephrine and self-employment

Author

Listed:
  • Wolfe, Marcus T.
  • Patel, Pankaj C.

Abstract

In the context of self-employment, which is characterized by risk and uncertainty, epinephrine could elicit a “fight or flight” response. However, little attention has been given to what factors could differentiate those who ‘fight’ (i.e. pursue self-employment) versus those who ‘fly’ (i.e. forgo pursuing self-employment). Moving from individual and social explanations on drivers of self-employment as an occupational choice, we propose that the association between epinephrine and self-employment could be conditional on levels of a second hormone, namely cortisol. Based on a sample of 273 individuals from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS 2) study, 2004–2006, and controlling for a wide variety of factors, epinephrine is not associated with self-employment on its own, however, it is associated with self-employment at low levels of cortisol. We are among the first to demonstrate a link between the dual influence of epinephrine and cortisol and self-employment.

Suggested Citation

  • Wolfe, Marcus T. & Patel, Pankaj C., 2017. "Two are better than one: Cortisol as a contingency in the association between epinephrine and self-employment," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 8(C), pages 78-86.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jobuve:v:8:y:2017:i:c:p:78-86
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jbvi.2017.07.002
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352673417300598
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.jbvi.2017.07.002?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mair, Johanna & Martí, Ignasi, 2006. "Social entrepreneurship research: A source of explanation, prediction, and delight," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 36-44, February.
    2. Luigi Guiso & Aldo Rustichini, 2011. "What drives women out of entrepreneurship? The joint role of testosterone and culture," EIEF Working Papers Series 1102, Einaudi Institute for Economics and Finance (EIEF), revised Jan 2011.
    3. White, Roderick E. & Thornhill, Stewart & Hampson, Elizabeth, 2006. "Entrepreneurs and evolutionary biology: The relationship between testosterone and new venture creation," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 100(1), pages 21-34, May.
    4. Johanna Mair & Ignasi Marti, 2006. "Social Entrepreneurship Research: A Source of Explanation, Prediction, and Delight," Post-Print hal-02311880, HAL.
    5. Wiklund, Johan & Patzelt, Holger & Dimov, Dimo, 2016. "Entrepreneurship and psychological disorders: How ADHD can be productively harnessed," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 6(C), pages 14-20.
    6. Karasek, R.A. & Theorell, T. & Schwartz, J.E. & Schnall, P.L. & Pieper, C.F. & Michela, J.L., 1988. "Job characteristics in relation to the prevalence of myocardial infarction in the US Health Examination Survey (HES) and the Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (HANES)," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 78(8), pages 910-918.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Daniel L. Bennett & Boris Nikolaev, 2021. "Historical Disease Prevalence, Cultural Values, and Global Innovation," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 45(1), pages 145-174, January.
    2. Nicos Nicolaou & Phillip H. Phan & Ute Stephan, 2021. "The Biological Perspective in Entrepreneurship Research," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 45(1), pages 3-17, January.
    3. Fisch, Christian & Franken, Ingmar H.A. & Thurik, Roy, 2021. "Are behavioral and electrophysiological measures of impulsivity useful for predicting entrepreneurship?," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 16(C).
    4. Tahseen Anwer Arshi & Asfia Ambrin & Venkoba Rao & Swapnil Morande & Kanwal Gul, 2022. "A Machine Learning Assisted Study Exploring Hormonal Influences on Entrepreneurial Opportunity Behaviour," Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies, Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, vol. 31(3), pages 575-602, November.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Muhammad Farooq Islam & Ozge Can, 2024. "Integrating digital and sustainable entrepreneurship through business models: a bibliometric analysis," Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, Springer;UNESCO Chair in Entrepreneurship, vol. 14(1), pages 1-18, December.
    2. Nosheena Yasir & Nasir Mahmood & Hafiz Shakir Mehmood & Osama Rashid & An Liren, 2021. "The Integrated Role of Personal Values and Theory of Planned Behavior to Form a Sustainable Entrepreneurial Intention," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-21, August.
    3. Reeti Kulshrestha & Arunaditya Sahay & Subhanjan Sengupta, 2022. "Constituents and Drivers of Mission Engagement for Social Enterprise Sustainability: A Systematic Review," Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies, Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, vol. 31(1), pages 90-120, March.
    4. Ankita Tandon & Unnikrishnan K. Nair, 2015. "Enactment of knowledge brokering: Agents, roles, processes and the impact of immersion," Working papers 183, Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode.
    5. Barbara Bradač Hojnik & Katja Crnogaj, 2020. "Social Impact, Innovations, and Market Activity of Social Enterprises: Comparison of European Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-15, March.
    6. Inmaculada Buendía-Martínez & Inmaculada Carrasco Monteagudo, 2020. "The Role of CSR on Social Entrepreneurship: An International Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-22, August.
    7. Petra Dickel & Monika Sienknecht & Jacob Hörisch, 2021. "The early bird catches the worm: an empirical analysis of imprinting in social entrepreneurship," Journal of Business Economics, Springer, vol. 91(2), pages 127-150, March.
    8. Robin Stevens & Nathalie Moray & Johan Bruneel, 2015. "The Social and Economic Mission of Social Enterprises: Dimensions, Measurement, Validation, and Relation," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 39(5), pages 1051-1082, September.
    9. Paola Alzate & Juan F. Mejía-Giraldo & Isabella Jurado & Sara Hernandez & Alexandra Novozhenina, 2024. "Research perspectives on youth social entrepreneurship: strategies, economy, and innovation," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 13(1), pages 1-22, December.
    10. Xueying Tian & Chunyang Zhao & Xiaochun Ge, 2022. "Entrepreneurial Traits, Relational Capital, and Social Enterprise Performance: Regulatory Effects of Cognitive Legitimacy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-22, March.
    11. Aneta Oniszczuk-Jastrząbek & Ernest Czermański & Giuseppe T. Cirella, 2020. "Sustainable Supply Chain of Enterprises: Value Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-15, January.
    12. David Bruce Audretsch & Maksim Belitski & Georg Maximilian Eichler & Erich Schwarz, 2024. "Entrepreneurial ecosystems, institutional quality, and the unexpected role of the sustainability orientation of entrepreneurs," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 62(2), pages 503-522, February.
    13. Iuliu Marin IVANESCU & Camelia M. GHEORGHE & Gina Gilet SZTRUTEN, 2013. "Social Entrepreneurship In Eu Region," Romanian Economic Business Review, Romanian-American University, vol. 8(4.1), pages 416-426, december.
    14. Geoffrey M. Kistruck & Paul W. Beamish, 2010. "The Interplay of Form, Structure, and Embeddedness in Social Intrapreneurship," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 34(4), pages 735-761, July.
    15. Sebastian-Ion Ceptureanu & Eduard-Gabriel Ceptureanu & Mihai Cristian Orzan & Irinel Marin, 2017. "Toward a Romanian NPOs Sustainability Model: Determinants of Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-26, June.
    16. Shr-Wei Kao & Pin Luarn, 2020. "Topic Modeling Analysis of Social Enterprises: Twitter Evidence," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-20, April.
    17. Xing, Yijun & Liu, Yipeng & Lattemann, Christoph, 2020. "Institutional logics and social enterprises: Entry mode choices of foreign hospitals in China," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 55(5).
    18. Chitvan Trivedi & Daniel Stokols, 2011. "Social Enterprises and Corporate Enterprises," Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies, Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, vol. 20(1), pages 1-32, March.
    19. Elizabeth A. R. Fowler & Betty S. Coffey & Heather R. Dixon-Fowler, 2019. "Transforming Good Intentions into Social Impact: A Case on the Creation and Evolution of a Social Enterprise," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 159(3), pages 665-678, October.
    20. Portocarrero, Florencio & Newbert, Scott & Young, Maia & Zhu, Lily, 2025. "The affective revolution in entrepreneurship: an integrative conceptual review and guidelines for future investigation," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 126090, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:jobuve:v:8:y:2017:i:c:p:78-86. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/journal-of-business-venturing-insights .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.