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Neurobiology and crime: A neuro-ethical perspective

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  • Focquaert, Farah

Abstract

Current neurobiological research in the field of criminology focuses on the neurobiological characteristics associated with antisocial behavior, the prediction of antisocial behavior later in life based on neurobiological risk factors, and the ways in which neurobiological factors interact with psychological and environmental risk factors. Although the use of neurobiological knowledge has the potential to make several criminal justice practices more objective and humane, it may involve practices that are challenging with respect to stigma, neuro-determinism, autonomy and mental liberty. Four main areas of interest can be identified where neurobiology plays or could play a role: (1) criminological research focused on understanding criminal behavior, (2) the (early) detection/prediction of and intervention in deviant behavior, (3) criminal proceedings: to assess responsibility and inform sentencing, and (4) forensic rehabilitation and treatment settings. In this paper, I discuss the main ethical dilemmas that arise when considering the use of recent neurobiological advances in these areas.

Suggested Citation

  • Focquaert, Farah, 2019. "Neurobiology and crime: A neuro-ethical perspective," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jcjust:v:65:y:2019:i:c:s0047235217305299
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2018.01.001
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pescosolido, B.A. & Medina, T.R. & Martin, J.K. & Long, J.S., 2013. "The "backbone" of stigma: Identifying the Global core of public prejudice associated with mental illness," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 103(5), pages 853-860.
    2. Nicholas Scurich & Paul S. Appelbaum, 2017. "Behavioural genetics in criminal court," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 1(11), pages 772-774, November.
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