How connected is the global sovereign credit risk network?
Author
Abstract
Suggested Citation
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbankfin.2020.105761
Download full text from publisher
As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to look for a different version below or search for a different version of it.
Other versions of this item:
- Gorkem Bostanci & Kamil Yilmaz, 2015. "How Connected is the Global Sovereign Credit Risk Network?," Koç University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum Working Papers 1515, Koc University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum.
References listed on IDEAS
- Francis X. Diebold & Kamil Yilmaz, 2009.
"Measuring Financial Asset Return and Volatility Spillovers, with Application to Global Equity Markets,"
Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 119(534), pages 158-171, January.
- FrancisX. Diebold & Kamil Yilmaz, 2009. "Measuring Financial Asset Return and Volatility Spillovers, with Application to Global Equity Markets," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 119(534), pages 158-171, January.
- Francis X. Diebold & Kamil Yılmaz, 2007. "Measuring Financial Asset Return and Volatility Spillovers, With Application to Global Equity Markets," Koç University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum Working Papers 0705, Koc University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum.
- Francis X. Diebold & Kamil Yilmaz, 2008. "Measuring Financial Asset Return and Volatility Spillovers, With Application to Global Equity Markets," NBER Working Papers 13811, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Francis X. Diebold & Kamil Yilmaz, 2008. "Measuring financial asset return and volatility spillovers, with application to global equity markets," Working Papers 08-16, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
- Diebold, Francis X. & Yilmaz, Kamil, 2007. "Measuring financial asset return and volatility spillovers, with application to global equity markets," CFS Working Paper Series 2007/02, Center for Financial Studies (CFS).
- Diebold, Francis X. & Yilmaz, Kamil, 2008. "Measuring financial asset return and volatilty spillovers, with application to global equity markets," CFS Working Paper Series 2008/26, Center for Financial Studies (CFS).
- Francis X. Diebold & Kamil Yilmaz, 2007. "Measuring Financial Asset Return and Volatility Spillovers, With Application to Global Equity Markets," PIER Working Paper Archive 07-002, Penn Institute for Economic Research, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania.
- Garman, Mark B & Klass, Michael J, 1980. "On the Estimation of Security Price Volatilities from Historical Data," The Journal of Business, University of Chicago Press, vol. 53(1), pages 67-78, January.
- Diebold, Francis X. & Yılmaz, Kamil, 2014.
"On the network topology of variance decompositions: Measuring the connectedness of financial firms,"
Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 182(1), pages 119-134.
- Francis X. Diebold & Kamil Yilmaz, 2011. "On the Network Topology of Variance Decompositions: Measuring the Connectedness of Financial Firms," Koç University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum Working Papers 1124, Koc University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum.
- Francis X. Diebold & Kamil Yilmaz, 2011. "On the network topology of variance decompositions: Measuring the connectedness of financial firms," Working Papers 11-45, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
- Francis X. Diebold & Kamil Yılmaz, 2011. "On the Network Topology of Variance Decompositions: Measuring the Connectedness of Financial Firms," PIER Working Paper Archive 11-031, Penn Institute for Economic Research, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania.
- Francis X. Diebold & Kamil Yilmaz, 2011. "On the Network Topology of Variance Decompositions: Measuring the Connectedness of Financial Firms," NBER Working Papers 17490, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Mert Demirer & Francis X. Diebold & Laura Liu & Kamil Yilmaz, 2018.
"Estimating global bank network connectedness,"
Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 33(1), pages 1-15, January.
- Mert Demirer & Francis X. Diebold & Laura Liu & Kamil Yilmaz, 2015. "Estimating Global Bank Network Connectedness," Koç University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum Working Papers 1512, Koc University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum.
- Mert Demirer & Francis X. Diebold & Laura Liu & Kamil Yılmaz, 2017. "Estimating Global Bank Network Connectedness," NBER Working Papers 23140, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Mert Demirer & Francis X. Diebold & Laura Liu & Kamil Yilmaz, 2015. "Estimating Global Bank Network Connectedness," PIER Working Paper Archive 15-025, Penn Institute for Economic Research, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania, revised 25 Jul 2015.
- Daron Acemoglu & Asuman Ozdaglar & Alireza Tahbaz-Salehi, 2015.
"Systemic Risk and Stability in Financial Networks,"
American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 105(2), pages 564-608, February.
- Daron Acemoglu & Asuman Ozdaglar & Alireza Tahbaz-Salehi, 2013. "Systemic Risk and Stability in Financial Networks," NBER Working Papers 18727, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Allen, Franklin & Babus, Ana & Carletti, Elena, 2012.
"Asset commonality, debt maturity and systemic risk,"
Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 104(3), pages 519-534.
- Franklin Allen & Ana Babus & Elena Carletti, 2010. "Asset Commonality, Debt Maturity, and Systemic Risk," NBER Chapters, in: Market Institutions and Financial Market Risk, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Allen, Franklin & Carletti, Elena & Babus, Ana, 2011. "Asset Commonality, Debt Maturity and Systemic Risk," CEPR Discussion Papers 8476, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
- Allen, Franklin & Babus, Ana & Carletti, Elena, 2013. "Asset Commonality, Debt Maturity and Systemic Risk," Working Papers 10-30, University of Pennsylvania, Wharton School, Weiss Center.
- Allen, Franklin & Babus, Ana & Carletti, Elena, 2011. "Asset Commonality, Debt Maturity and Systemic Risk," Working Papers 11-58, University of Pennsylvania, Wharton School, Weiss Center.
- Beirne, John & Fratzscher, Marcel, 2013.
"The pricing of sovereign risk and contagion during the European sovereign debt crisis,"
Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 60-82.
- Fratzscher, Marcel & Beirne, John, 2012. "The Pricing of Sovereign Risk and Contagion during the European Sovereign Debt Crisis," CEPR Discussion Papers 9249, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
- Fratzscher, Marcel & Beirne, John, 2013. "The pricing of sovereign risk and contagion during the European sovereign debt crisis," Working Paper Series 1625, European Central Bank.
- Diebold, Francis X. & Yilmaz, Kamil, 2015. "Financial and Macroeconomic Connectedness: A Network Approach to Measurement and Monitoring," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199338306.
- Franklin Allen & Douglas Gale, 2000.
"Financial Contagion,"
Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 108(1), pages 1-33, February.
- Allen, Franklin & Gale, Douglas, 1998. "Financial Contagion," Working Papers 98-33, C.V. Starr Center for Applied Economics, New York University.
- Franklin Allen & Douglas Gale, 1999. "Financial Contagion," Levine's Working Paper Archive 2092, David K. Levine.
- Mayer, Thierry & Zignago, Soledad, 2006.
"Notes on CEPII’s distances measures,"
MPRA Paper
26469, University Library of Munich, Germany.
- Thierry Mayer & Soledad Zignago, 2011. "Notes on CEPII’s distances measures: The GeoDist database," Working Papers 2011-25, CEPII research center.
- Alter, Adrian & Beyer, Andreas, 2014.
"The dynamics of spillover effects during the European sovereign debt turmoil,"
Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 134-153.
- Alter, Adrian & Beyer, Andreas, 2012. "The dynamics of spillover effects during the European sovereign debt turmoil," CFS Working Paper Series 2012/13, Center for Financial Studies (CFS).
- Augustin, Patrick & Tédongap, Roméo, 2016. "Real Economic Shocks and Sovereign Credit Risk," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 51(2), pages 541-587, April.
- Jun Pan & Kenneth J. Singleton, 2008. "Default and Recovery Implicit in the Term Structure of Sovereign CDS Spreads," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 63(5), pages 2345-2384, October.
- Carlo Favero & Alessandro Missale, 2012. "Sovereign spreads in the eurozone: which prospects for a Eurobond? [Asset pricing with liquidity risk]," Economic Policy, CEPR, CESifo, Sciences Po;CES;MSH, vol. 27(70), pages 231-273.
- Phillips, Peter C. B., 1998.
"Impulse response and forecast error variance asymptotics in nonstationary VARs,"
Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 83(1-2), pages 21-56.
- Peter C.B. Phillips, 1995. "Impulse Response and Forecast Error Variance Asymptotics in Nonstationary VAR's," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 1102, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University.
- Jacob Gyntelberg & Peter Hördahl & Kristyna Ters & Jörg Urban, 2013. "Intraday dynamics of euro area sovereign CDS and bonds," BIS Working Papers 423, Bank for International Settlements.
- Viral V. Acharya & Tanju Yorulmazer, 2008.
"Information Contagion and Bank Herding,"
Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 40(1), pages 215-231, February.
- Viral V. Acharya & Tanju Yorulmazer, 2008. "Information Contagion and Bank Herding," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 40(1), pages 215-231, February.
- Geert Bekaert & Campbell R Harvey & Christian T Lundblad & Stephan Siegel, 2014.
"Political risk spreads,"
Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 45(4), pages 471-493, May.
- Geert Bekaert & Campbell R. Harvey & Christian T. Lundblad & Stephan Siegel, 2014. "Political Risk Spreads," NBER Working Papers 19786, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Koop, Gary & Pesaran, M. Hashem & Potter, Simon M., 1996. "Impulse response analysis in nonlinear multivariate models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 74(1), pages 119-147, September.
- Diebold, Francis X. & Yilmaz, Kamil, 2012.
"Better to give than to receive: Predictive directional measurement of volatility spillovers,"
International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 28(1), pages 57-66.
- Francis X. Diebold & Kamil Yilmaz, 2010. "Better to Give than to Receive: Predictive Directional Measurement of Volatility Spillovers," Koç University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum Working Papers 1001, Koc University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum, revised Mar 2010.
- Aizenman, Joshua & Hutchison, Michael & Jinjarak, Yothin, 2013.
"What is the risk of European sovereign debt defaults? Fiscal space, CDS spreads and market pricing of risk,"
Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 37-59.
- Aizenman, Joshua & Hutchison, Michael & Jinjarak, Yothin, 2011. "What is the Risk of European Sovereign Debt Defaults? Fiscal Space, CDS Spreads and Market Pricing of Risk," Santa Cruz Department of Economics, Working Paper Series qt2914v9fh, Department of Economics, UC Santa Cruz.
- Joshua Aizenman & Michael M. Hutchison & Yothin Jinjarak, 2011. "What is the Risk of European Sovereign Debt Defaults? Fiscal Space, CDS Spreads and Market Pricing of Risk," NBER Working Papers 17407, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Mr. Frigyes F Heinz & Ms. Yan M Sun, 2014. "Sovereign CDS Spreads in Europe: The Role of Global Risk Aversion, Economic Fundamentals, Liquidity, and Spillovers," IMF Working Papers 2014/017, International Monetary Fund.
- Pesaran, H. Hashem & Shin, Yongcheol, 1998.
"Generalized impulse response analysis in linear multivariate models,"
Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 58(1), pages 17-29, January.
- Pesaran, M. H. & Shin, Y., 1997. "Generalised Impulse Response Analysis in Linear Multivariate Models," Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 9710, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.
- Francis A. Longstaff & Jun Pan & Lasse H. Pedersen & Kenneth J. Singleton, 2011.
"How Sovereign Is Sovereign Credit Risk?,"
American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 3(2), pages 75-103, April.
- Francis A. Longstaff & Jun Pan & Lasse H. Pedersen & Kenneth J. Singleton, 2007. "How Sovereign is Sovereign Credit Risk?," NBER Working Papers 13658, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Jens Hilscher & Yves Nosbusch, 2010.
"Determinants of Sovereign Risk: Macroeconomic Fundamentals and the Pricing of Sovereign Debt,"
Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 14(2), pages 235-262.
- Jens Hilscher & Yves Nosbusch, 2007. "Determinants of Sovereign Risk: Macroeconomic Fundamentals and the Pricing of Sovereign Debt," Money Macro and Finance (MMF) Research Group Conference 2006 114, Money Macro and Finance Research Group, revised 24 Apr 2007.
- Jeanneret, Alexandre, 2018. "Sovereign credit spreads under good/bad governance," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 230-246.
- Ang, Andrew & Longstaff, Francis A., 2013.
"Systemic sovereign credit risk: Lessons from the U.S. and Europe,"
Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 60(5), pages 493-510.
- Andrew Ang & Francis A. Longstaff, 2011. "Systemic Sovereign Credit Risk: Lessons from the U.S. and Europe," NBER Working Papers 16982, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Collet, Jerome & Ielpo, Florian, 2018. "Sector spillovers in credit markets," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 267-278.
- Cho, Daehyoung & Choi, Kyongwook, 2015. "Time-varying Co-movements and Contagion Effects in Asian Sovereign CDS Markets," East Asian Economic Review, Korea Institute for International Economic Policy, vol. 19(4), pages 357-379, December.
- Hui Zou & Trevor Hastie, 2005. "Addendum: Regularization and variable selection via the elastic net," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 67(5), pages 768-768, November.
- Wang, Ping & Moore, Tomoe, 2012. "The integration of the credit default swap markets during the US subprime crisis: Dynamic correlation analysis," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 22(1), pages 1-15.
- Hui Zou & Trevor Hastie, 2005. "Regularization and variable selection via the elastic net," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 67(2), pages 301-320, April.
- Mathieu Jacomy & Tommaso Venturini & Sebastien Heymann & Mathieu Bastian, 2014. "ForceAtlas2, a Continuous Graph Layout Algorithm for Handy Network Visualization Designed for the Gephi Software," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(6), pages 1-12, June.
Most related items
These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.- Liu, Peipei & Huang, Wei-Qiang, 2022. "Modelling international sovereign risk information spillovers: A multilayer network approach," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
- Ozcan Ceylan, 2023. "Analysis of Dynamic Connectedness among Sovereign CDS Premia," World Journal of Applied Economics, WERI-World Economic Research Institute, vol. 9(1), pages 33-47, June.
- Greenwood-Nimmo, Matthew & Huang, Jingong & Nguyen, Viet Hoang, 2019. "Financial sector bailouts, sovereign bailouts, and the transfer of credit risk," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 121-142.
- Christian Gross & Pierre L. Siklos, 2020.
"Analyzing credit risk transmission to the nonfinancial sector in Europe: A network approach,"
Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 35(1), pages 61-81, January.
- Christian Gross & Pierre L. Siklos, 2018. "Analyzing Credit Risk Transmission to the Non-Financial Sector in Europe: A Network Approach," CQE Working Papers 7218, Center for Quantitative Economics (CQE), University of Muenster.
- Christian Gross & Pierre L. Siklos, 2019. "Analyzing credit risk transmission to the non-financial sector in Europe: A network approach," CAMA Working Papers 2019-43, Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis, Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University.
- Groß, Christian, 2019. "Analyzing credit risk transmission to the non-financial sector in Europe: a network approach," VfS Annual Conference 2019 (Leipzig): 30 Years after the Fall of the Berlin Wall - Democracy and Market Economy 203645, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
- Gross, Christian & Siklos, Pierre, 2018. "Analyzing credit risk transmission to the non-financial sector in Europe: a network approach," ESRB Working Paper Series 78, European Systemic Risk Board.
- Buse, Rebekka & Schienle, Melanie & Urban, Jörg, 2022. "Assessing the impact of policy and regulation interventions in European sovereign credit risk networks: What worked best?," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
- Kamil Yilmaz, 2018. "Bank Volatility Connectedness in South East Asia," Koç University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum Working Papers 1807, Koc University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum.
- Julián Andrada-Félix & Adrian Fernandez-Perez & Simón Sosvilla-Rivero, 2018.
"Fear connectedness among asset classes,"
Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(39), pages 4234-4249, August.
- Julián Andrada-Félixa & Adrian Fernandez-Perez & Simón Sosvilla-Rivero, 2017. "Fear connectedness among asset classes," IREA Working Papers 201703, University of Barcelona, Research Institute of Applied Economics, revised Feb 2017.
- Mert Demirer & Francis X. Diebold & Laura Liu & Kamil Yilmaz, 2018.
"Estimating global bank network connectedness,"
Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 33(1), pages 1-15, January.
- Mert Demirer & Francis X. Diebold & Laura Liu & Kamil Yilmaz, 2015. "Estimating Global Bank Network Connectedness," PIER Working Paper Archive 15-025, Penn Institute for Economic Research, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania, revised 25 Jul 2015.
- Mert Demirer & Francis X. Diebold & Laura Liu & Kamil Yılmaz, 2017. "Estimating Global Bank Network Connectedness," NBER Working Papers 23140, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
- Mert Demirer & Francis X. Diebold & Laura Liu & Kamil Yilmaz, 2015. "Estimating Global Bank Network Connectedness," Koç University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum Working Papers 1512, Koc University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum.
- Moratis, Georgios & Sakellaris, Plutarchos, 2021.
"Measuring the systemic importance of banks,"
Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
- Georgios Moratis & Plutarchos Sakellaris, 2017. "Measuring the systemic importance of banks," Working Papers 240, Bank of Greece.
- Mardi Dungey & John Harvey & Pierre Siklos & Vladimir Volkov, 2017.
"Signed spillover effects building on historical decompositions,"
CAMA Working Papers
2017-52, Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis, Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University.
- Dungey, Mardi & Harvey, John & Siklos, Pierre & Volkov, Vladimir, 2017. "Signed spillover effects building on historical decompositions," Working Papers 2017-11, University of Tasmania, Tasmanian School of Business and Economics.
- Fernández-Rodríguez, Fernando & Gómez-Puig, Marta & Sosvilla-Rivero, Simón, 2016. "Using connectedness analysis to assess financial stress transmission in EMU sovereign bond market volatility," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 126-145.
- Augustin, Patrick & Subrahmanyam, Marti G. & Tang, Dragon Yongjun & Wang, Sarah Qian, 2014. "Credit Default Swaps: A Survey," Foundations and Trends(R) in Finance, now publishers, vol. 9(1-2), pages 1-196, December.
- Marta Gómez-Puig & Simón Sosvilla-Rivero & Manish K. Singh, 2018. "“Incorporating creditors' seniority into contingent claim models:Application to peripheral euro area countries”," IREA Working Papers 201803, University of Barcelona, Research Institute of Applied Economics, revised Feb 2018.
- McLemore, Ping & Mihov, Atanas & Sanz, Leandro, 2022. "Global banks and systemic risk: The dark side of country financial connectedness," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
- Buse, Rebekka & Schienle, Melanie, 2019.
"Measuring connectedness of euro area sovereign risk,"
International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 35(1), pages 25-44.
- Buse, Rebekka & Schienle, Melanie, 2019. "Measuring connectedness of euro area sovereign risk," Working Paper Series in Economics 123, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Department of Economics and Management.
- Gong, Xu & Liao, Qin, 2024. "Physical climate risk attention and dynamic volatility connectedness among new energy stocks," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
- Wang, Kangsheng & Wen, Fenghua & Gong, Xu, 2024. "Oil prices and systemic financial risk: A complex network analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
- Claeys, Peter & Vašíček, Bořek, 2014.
"Measuring bilateral spillover and testing contagion on sovereign bond markets in Europe,"
Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 151-165.
- Claeys, Peter & Vašíček, Bořek, 2014. "Measuring bilateral spillover and testing contagion on sovereign bond markets in Europe," Working Paper Series 1666, European Central Bank.
- Galariotis, Emilios C. & Makrichoriti, Panagiota & Spyrou, Spyros, 2016.
"Sovereign CDS spread determinants and spill-over effects during financial crisis: A panel VAR approach,"
Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 62-77.
- Emilios C. Galariotis & Panagiota Makrichoriti & Spyros Spyrou, 2016. "Sovereign CDS Spread Determinants and Spill-Over Effects During Financial Crisis: A Panel VAR Approach," Post-Print hal-01358715, HAL.
- Okorie, David Iheke & Lin, Boqiang, 2022. "Givers never lack: Nigerian oil & gas asymmetric network analyses," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
More about this item
Keywords
Sovereign credit risk; Systemic risk; Network estimation; Lasso; Vector autoregression; Variance decomposition;All these keywords.
JEL classification:
- F34 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Lending and Debt Problems
- G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets
- C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
- G23 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors
Statistics
Access and download statisticsCorrections
All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:jbfina:v:113:y:2020:i:c:s0378426620300285. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.
If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.
If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .
If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.
For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jbf .
Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.