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Smoking cessation: How compelling is the evidence? A review

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  • Tønnesen, Philip

Abstract

Objectives To provide a short review of the evidence base supporting smoking cessation interventions, including behavioral therapy and pharmacological treatment options.Methods Published meta-analysis was mainly used supplemented with a limited literature search.Results Effective smoking cessation consists of pharmacotherapy and behavioral support. Counseling increases abstinence rates parallel to the intensity of support. First-line pharmacological drugs for smoking cessation are nicotine replacement products (patch, gum, inhaler, nasal spray, lozenge/tablets), varenicline and bupropion SR with scientific well-documented efficacy when used for 2-3 months and mostly mild side effects. Alternative therapies such as hypnosis and acupuncture have no scientifically proven effects.Conclusions With the most optimal drugs and counseling today a 1-year abstinence rate of approximately 25% can be expected in smoking cessation. On-going research is examining the potential effects of nicotine vaccination as relapse prevention.

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  • Tønnesen, Philip, 2009. "Smoking cessation: How compelling is the evidence? A review," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 91(Supplemen), pages 15-25, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:hepoli:v:91:y:2009:i:supplement1:p:s15-s25
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    2. P.M.H., Maureen & Mölken, Rutten-Van & Van Doorslaer, Eddy K. A. & Rutten, Frans F. H., 1992. "Economic appraisal of asthma and COPD care: A literature review 1980-1991," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 161-175, July.
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