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Implementing REDD+ at the national level: Stakeholder engagement and policy coherences between REDD+ rules and Kenya's sectoral policies

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  • Atela, Joanes O.
  • Quinn, Claire H.
  • Minang, Peter A.
  • Duguma, Lalisa A.
  • Houdet, Joël A.

Abstract

Effective implementation of rules on reduced emission from avoided deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) depends on the compatibility between these rules and existing sectoral policies associated with forests. This paper applies content analysis of policy documents, semi-structured interviews and case study analysis to examine the interplay between REDD+ rules and Kenyan sectorial policies and local socioeconomic settings. Results reveal that the preparation of national REDD+ strategies in Kenya is usefully coordinated by the Kenyan forestry sector drawing on the sector's policy mandate and past experiences in forest management. This sectoral mainstreaming however degenerates into negative vertical policy interplay caused by poor consultations with key sectors outside the forestry sector e.g. lands and agriculture and is further exacerbated by sectoral competition for climate finance. Analysis of REDD+ coherences with sectoral policies revealed that forest polices on reforestation and decentralisation are coherent with REDD+ rules (horizontal interplay) but this coherence is impeded by limited implementation of these measures e.g. poor support and coordination of Community Forest Associations. Lack of coherence was mainly observed between REDD+ rules and resettlement and agricultural mechanisation policies prescribed in the lands and agriculture policies. Agricultural mechanisation and resettlement policies are synonymous with deforestation especially through illegal and politically motivated agricultural or settlement expansions into Kenya's forest areas. At the local level, REDD+ showed potential to positively influence local livelihoods but the aforementioned national institutional gaps and strict carbon standards and prices lead to negative trade-offs between carbon sequestration and alternative livelihoods. The paper advocates for strong multi-stakeholder consultative mechanism so that both Kenyan policy and socioeconomic settings can support effective REDD+ implementation.

Suggested Citation

  • Atela, Joanes O. & Quinn, Claire H. & Minang, Peter A. & Duguma, Lalisa A. & Houdet, Joël A., 2016. "Implementing REDD+ at the national level: Stakeholder engagement and policy coherences between REDD+ rules and Kenya's sectoral policies," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 37-46.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:forpol:v:65:y:2016:i:c:p:37-46
    DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2016.01.003
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Karsenty, Alain & Ongolo, Symphorien, 2012. "Can “fragile states” decide to reduce their deforestation? The inappropriate use of the theory of incentives with respect to the REDD mechanism," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 18(C), pages 38-45.
    2. Brockhaus, Maria & Di Gregorio, Monica & Mardiah, Sofi, 2014. "Governing the design of national REDD+: An analysis of the power of agency," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 23-33.
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    5. Wehkamp, Johanna & Aquino, André & Fuss, Sabine & Reed, Erik W., 2015. "Analyzing the perception of deforestation drivers by African policy makers in light of possible REDD+ policy responses," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 7-18.
    6. Peter Akong Minang & Meine Van Noordwijk & Lalisa A Duguma & Dieudonne Alemagi & Trong Hoan Do & Florence Bernard & Putra Agung & Valentina Robiglio & Delia Catacutan & Suyanto Suyanto & Angel Armas &, 2014. "REDD+ Readiness progress across countries: time for reconsideration," Climate Policy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(6), pages 685-708, November.
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    2. P. Gallo & E. Albrecht, 2019. "Brazil and the Paris Agreement: REDD+ as an instrument of Brazil’s Nationally Determined Contribution compliance," International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 19(1), pages 123-144, February.
    3. Sarker, Pradip Kumar & Fischer, Richard & Tamayo, Fabian & Navarrete, Bolier Torres & Günter, Sven, 2022. "Analyzing forest policy mixes based on the coherence of policies and the consistency of legislative policy instruments: A case study from Ecuador," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    4. Peltomaa, Juha & Hildén, Mikael & Huttunen, Suvi, 2016. "Translating institutional change - forest journals as diverse policy actors," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 172-180.
    5. Jewel Andoh & Yohan Lee, 2018. "National REDD+ Strategy for Climate Change Mitigation: A Review and Comparison of Developing Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-17, December.
    6. Gakou-Kakeu, Josiane & Di Gregorio, Monica & Paavola, Jouni & Sonwa, Denis Jean, 2022. "REDD+ policy implementation and institutional interplay: Evidence from three pilot projects in Cameroon," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    7. Skutsch, Margaret & Balderas Torres, Arturo & Carrillo Fuentes, Juan Carlos, 2017. "Policy for pro-poor distribution of REDD+ benefits in Mexico: How the legal and technical challenges are being addressed," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 58-66.
    8. Manda, Simon & Mukanda, Nyambe, 2023. "Can REDD+ projects deliver livelihood benefits in private tenure arrangements? Experiences from rural Zambia," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    9. Chaya, Wirawat & Jesdapipat, Sitanon & Tripetchkul, Sudarut & Santitaweeroek, Yuwanan & Gheewala, Shabbir H., 2019. "Challenges and pitfalls in implementing Thailand's ethanol plan: Integrated policy coherence and gap analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 1050-1063.
    10. Ekawati, Sulistya & Subarudi, & Budiningsih, Kushartati & Sari, Galih Kartika & Muttaqin, Muhammad Zahrul, 2019. "Policies affecting the implementation of REDD+ in Indonesia (cases in Papua, Riau and Central Kalimantan)," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(C), pages 1-1.
    11. Joanes Odiwuor Atela & Claire Hellen Quinn & Albert A. Arhin & Lalisa Duguma & Kennedy Liti Mbeva, 2017. "Exploring the agency of Africa in climate change negotiations: the case of REDD+," International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 17(4), pages 463-482, August.
    12. Satyal, Poshendra, 2018. "Civil society participation in REDD+ and FLEGT processes: Case study analysis from Cameroon, Ghana, Liberia and the Republic of Congo," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 83-96.
    13. Sébastien Jodoin, 2017. "The transnational policy process for REDD+ and domestic policy entrepreneurship in developing countries," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 35(8), pages 1418-1436, December.

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