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The legally allowable versus the informally practicable in Bolivia’s domestic timber market

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  • de Jong, Wil
  • Cano, Walter
  • Zenteno, Mario
  • Soriano, Marlene

Abstract

We analyze legality in the forest sector in Bolivia, focusing particularly on the domestic timber value chain in the northern Bolivian Amazon. Bolivia adopted wide-reaching forest, land and democratic regulatory changes since the mid-1990s that were partly intended to reduce illegal logging and related practices. The new forest regulations, in turn, led to new illegal practices because implementation and sanctioning were poor, but also because new forest and land regulations were inadequate and often contradictory. In response, the government and various forest agencies adopted new measures to address the new illegal practices. These forest regulatory and forest policy renovations and modifications of the last two decades are, for instance, reflected in the domestic timber market of the northern Bolivian Amazon, a region that relies heavily on the forest sector. The paper analyzes Bolivia’s regulatory changes that were relevant for legality in the forest sector and the multiple modifications that were made to address shortcomings of these reforms. It also analyses legality in the domestic timber value chain in northern Bolivia. The new actors involved in especially the domestic timber value chain have moved away from formal and legal mechanisms to benefit from timber that grows on their land and forests to practices that were not considered or actually shunned in the law and that appear difficult to regulate. Unless these new practices are recognized adequately in a new forestry law, some of the production and trade of the timber value chain will likely continue to operate at the margin of legality.

Suggested Citation

  • de Jong, Wil & Cano, Walter & Zenteno, Mario & Soriano, Marlene, 2014. "The legally allowable versus the informally practicable in Bolivia’s domestic timber market," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 46-54.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:forpol:v:48:y:2014:i:c:p:46-54
    DOI: 10.1016/j.forpol.2014.07.001
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cashore, Benjamin & Stone, Michael W., 2012. "Can legality verification rescue global forest governance?," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 18(C), pages 13-22.
    2. Gutierrez-Velez, Victor Hugo & MacDicken, Kenneth, 2008. "Quantifying the direct social and governmental costs of illegal logging in the Bolivian, Brazilian, and Peruvian Amazon," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 10(4), pages 248-256, February.
    3. Wiersum, K. Freerk & Elands, Birgit H.M., 2013. "Opinions on legality principles considered in the FLEGT/VPA policy in Ghana and Indonesia," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 14-22.
    4. de Jong, Wil & Ruiz, Sergio & Becker, Michel, 2006. "Conflicts and communal forest management in northern Bolivia," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 8(4), pages 447-457, June.
    5. Eduardo Silva & David Kaimowitz & Alan Bojanic & Francois Ekoko & Togu Manurung & Iciar Pavez, 2002. "Making the Law of the Jungle: The Reform of Forest Legislation in Bolivia, Cameroon, Costa Rica, and Indonesia," Global Environmental Politics, MIT Press, vol. 2(3), pages 63-97, August.
    6. Pacheco, Pablo & de Jong, Wil & Johnson, James, 2010. "The evolution of the timber sector in lowland Bolivia: Examining the influence of three disparate policy approaches," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 12(4), pages 271-276, April.
    7. Zenteno, Mario & Zuidema, Pieter A. & de Jong, Wil & Boot, René G.A., 2013. "Livelihood strategies and forest dependence: New insights from Bolivian forest communities," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 12-21.
    8. Eba'a Atyi, Richard & Assembe-Mvondo, Samuel & Lescuyer, Guillaume & Cerutti, Paolo, 2013. "Impacts of international timber procurement policies on Central Africa's forestry sector: The case of Cameroon," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 40-48.
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    Cited by:

    1. Mili Ghosh & Bhaskar Sinha, 2016. "Impact of forest policies on timber production in India: a review," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 40(1-2), pages 62-76, February.
    2. Sylvester Ngome Chisika & Juneyoung Park & Chunho Yeom, 2019. "The Impact of Legislation on Sustainability of Farm Forests in Kenya: The Case of Lugari Sub-County in Kakamega County, Kenya," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-15, December.
    3. Basnyat, Bijendra & Treue, Thorsten & Pokharel, Ridish Kumar & Kayastha, Pankaj Kumar & Shrestha, Gajendra Kumar, 2023. "Conservation by corruption: The hidden yet regulated economy in Nepal's community forest timber sector," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    4. Trejos, Bernardo & Flores, Juan Carlos, 2021. "Influence of property rights on performance of community-based forest devolution policies in Honduras," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 124(C).

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