IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/finmar/v16y2013i1p165-193.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Is warrant really a derivative? Evidence from the Chinese warrant market

Author

Listed:
  • Chang, Eric C.
  • Luo, Xingguo
  • Shi, Lei
  • Zhang, Jin E.

Abstract

This paper studies the Chinese warrant market that has been developing since August 2005. Empirical evidence shows that the market prices of warrants are much higher systematically than the Black-Scholes prices with historical volatility. The prices of a warrant and its underlying asset do not support the monotonicity, perfect correlation and option redundancy properties. The cumulated delta-hedged gains for almost all expired warrants are negative. The negative gains are mainly driven by the volatility risk, and the trading values of the warrants for puts and the market risk for calls. The investors are trading some other risks in addition to the underlying risks.

Suggested Citation

  • Chang, Eric C. & Luo, Xingguo & Shi, Lei & Zhang, Jin E., 2013. "Is warrant really a derivative? Evidence from the Chinese warrant market," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 16(1), pages 165-193.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:finmar:v:16:y:2013:i:1:p:165-193
    DOI: 10.1016/j.finmar.2012.04.003
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1386418112000183
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.finmar.2012.04.003?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bergman, Yaacov Z & Grundy, Bruce D & Wiener, Zvi, 1996. "General Properties of Option Prices," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 51(5), pages 1573-1610, December.
    2. Bakshi, Gurdip & Cao, Charles & Chen, Zhiwu, 2000. "Do Call Prices and the Underlying Stock Always Move in the Same Direction?," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 13(3), pages 549-584.
    3. Gurdip Bakshi & Nikunj Kapadia, 2003. "Delta-Hedged Gains and the Negative Market Volatility Risk Premium," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 16(2), pages 527-566.
    4. Robert C. Merton, 2005. "Theory of rational option pricing," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Sudipto Bhattacharya & George M Constantinides (ed.), Theory Of Valuation, chapter 8, pages 229-288, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    5. Parkinson, Michael, 1980. "The Extreme Value Method for Estimating the Variance of the Rate of Return," The Journal of Business, University of Chicago Press, vol. 53(1), pages 61-65, January.
    6. Newey, Whitney & West, Kenneth, 2014. "A simple, positive semi-definite, heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation consistent covariance matrix," Applied Econometrics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), vol. 33(1), pages 125-132.
    7. Wei Xiong & Jialin Yu, 2011. "The Chinese Warrants Bubble," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 101(6), pages 2723-2753, October.
    8. Mark Rubinstein., 1994. "Implied Binomial Trees," Research Program in Finance Working Papers RPF-232, University of California at Berkeley.
    9. Bates, David S., 2005. "Hedging the smirk," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 2(4), pages 195-200, December.
    10. Bakshi, Gurdip & Madan, Dilip & Panayotov, George, 2010. "Returns of claims on the upside and the viability of U-shaped pricing kernels," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 97(1), pages 130-154, July.
    11. Heston, Steven L, 1993. "A Closed-Form Solution for Options with Stochastic Volatility with Applications to Bond and Currency Options," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 6(2), pages 327-343.
    12. Cox, John C. & Ross, Stephen A., 1976. "The valuation of options for alternative stochastic processes," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 3(1-2), pages 145-166.
    13. Wei Xiong & Jialin Yu, 2011. "The Chinese Warrants Bubble," Working Papers 1398, Princeton University, Department of Economics, Econometric Research Program..
    14. Black, Fischer & Scholes, Myron S, 1973. "The Pricing of Options and Corporate Liabilities," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 81(3), pages 637-654, May-June.
    15. Rubinstein, Mark, 1994. "Implied Binomial Trees," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 49(3), pages 771-818, July.
    16. J. Michael Harrison & David M. Kreps, 1978. "Speculative Investor Behavior in a Stock Market with Heterogeneous Expectations," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 92(2), pages 323-336.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Jianhui Li & Sebastian A. Gehricke & Jin E. Zhang, 2019. "How do US options traders “smirk” on China? Evidence from FXI options," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(11), pages 1450-1470, November.
    2. Siriopoulos, Costas, 2015. "An Analysis of the Covered Warrants listed on the Athens Exchange," MPRA Paper 64636, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Wing-Keung Wong & Hooi Hoi Lean & Michael McAleer & Feng-Tse Tsai, 2018. "Why did Warrant Markets Close in China but not Taiwan?," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 18-051/III, Tinbergen Institute.
    4. Sebastiano Vitali & Vittorio Moriggia, 2021. "Pension fund management with investment certificates and stochastic dominance," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 299(1), pages 273-292, April.
    5. Xiao, Weilin & Zhang, Xili, 2016. "Pricing equity warrants with a promised lowest price in Merton’s jump–diffusion model," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 458(C), pages 219-238.
    6. Zhou, Qing & Zhang, Xili, 2020. "Pricing equity warrants in Merton jump–diffusion model with credit risk," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 557(C).
    7. Yue, Tian & Zhang, Jin E. & Tan, Eric K.M., 2020. "The Chinese equity index options market," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 45(C).
    8. Xinyun Chen & Yan Liu & Tao Zeng, 2017. "Does the T + 1 rule really reduce speculation? Evidence from Chinese Stock Index ETF," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 57(5), pages 1287-1313, December.
    9. Neil D Pearson & Zhishu Yang & Qi Zhang & Stijn Van Nieuwerburgh, 0. "The Chinese Warrants Bubble: Evidence from Brokerage Account Records," Review of Economic Studies, Oxford University Press, vol. 34(1), pages 264-312.
    10. Carlos Miguel Glória & José Carlos Dias & Aricson Cruz, 2024. "Pricing levered warrants under the CEV diffusion model," Review of Derivatives Research, Springer, vol. 27(1), pages 55-84, April.
    11. Wing-Keung Wong & Hooi Hooi Lean & Michael McAleer & Feng-Tse Tsai, 2018. "Why Are Warrant Markets Sustained in Taiwan but Not in China?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-17, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yue, Tian & Zhang, Jin E. & Tan, Eric K.M., 2020. "The Chinese equity index options market," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 45(C).
    2. Lim, Terence & Lo, Andrew W. & Merton, Robert C. & Scholes, Myron S., 2006. "The Derivatives Sourcebook," Foundations and Trends(R) in Finance, now publishers, vol. 1(5–6), pages 365-572, April.
    3. Chuang Yuang Lin & Dar Hsin Chen & Chin Yu Tsai, 2011. "The limitation of monotonicity property of option prices: an empirical evidence," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 43(23), pages 3103-3113.
    4. Audrino, Francesco & Fengler, Matthias R., 2015. "Are classical option pricing models consistent with observed option second-order moments? Evidence from high-frequency data," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 46-63.
    5. Alexander, Carol & Nogueira, Leonardo M., 2007. "Model-free hedge ratios and scale-invariant models," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(6), pages 1839-1861, June.
    6. Carol Alexandra & Leonardo M. Nogueira, 2005. "Optimal Hedging and Scale Inavriance: A Taxonomy of Option Pricing Models," ICMA Centre Discussion Papers in Finance icma-dp2005-10, Henley Business School, University of Reading, revised Nov 2005.
    7. René Garcia & Richard Luger & Eric Renault, 2000. "Asymmetric Smiles, Leverage Effects and Structural Parameters," Working Papers 2000-57, Center for Research in Economics and Statistics.
    8. Robert Tompkins, 2001. "Implied volatility surfaces: uncovering regularities for options on financial futures," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 7(3), pages 198-230.
    9. Charles Cao & Jing-Zhi Huang, 2007. "Determinants of S&P 500 index option returns," Review of Derivatives Research, Springer, vol. 10(1), pages 1-38, January.
    10. Christoffersen, Peter & Heston, Steven & Jacobs, Kris, 2010. "Option Anomalies and the Pricing Kernel," Working Papers 11-17, University of Pennsylvania, Wharton School, Weiss Center.
    11. Cheng Few Lee & Yibing Chen & John Lee, 2020. "Alternative Methods to Derive Option Pricing Models: Review and Comparison," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Cheng Few Lee & John C Lee (ed.), HANDBOOK OF FINANCIAL ECONOMETRICS, MATHEMATICS, STATISTICS, AND MACHINE LEARNING, chapter 102, pages 3573-3617, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    12. Constantinides, George M. & Jackwerth, Jens Carsten & Perrakis, Stylianos, 2005. "Option pricing: Real and risk-neutral distributions," CoFE Discussion Papers 05/06, University of Konstanz, Center of Finance and Econometrics (CoFE).
    13. Kanniainen, Juho & Piché, Robert, 2013. "Stock price dynamics and option valuations under volatility feedback effect," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 392(4), pages 722-740.
    14. Norden, Lars, 2001. "Hedging of American equity options: do call and put prices always move in the direction as predicted by the movement in the underlying stock price?," Journal of Multinational Financial Management, Elsevier, vol. 11(4-5), pages 321-340, December.
    15. Jondeau, Eric & Rockinger, Michael, 2000. "Reading the smile: the message conveyed by methods which infer risk neutral densities," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 19(6), pages 885-915, December.
    16. David S. Bates, 1995. "Testing Option Pricing Models," NBER Working Papers 5129, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    17. Chen, An-Sing & Leung, Mark T., 2005. "Modeling time series information into option prices: An empirical evaluation of statistical projection and GARCH option pricing model," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(12), pages 2947-2969, December.
    18. Kim, In Joon & Park, Gun Youb, 2006. "An empirical comparison of implied tree models for KOSPI 200 index options," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 15(1), pages 52-71.
    19. Bakshi, Gurdip & Cao, Charles & Chen, Zhiwu, 2000. "Pricing and hedging long-term options," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 94(1-2), pages 277-318.
    20. Stylianos Perrakis, 2022. "From innovation to obfuscation: continuous time finance fifty years later," Financial Markets and Portfolio Management, Springer;Swiss Society for Financial Market Research, vol. 36(3), pages 369-401, September.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Warrants; The Chinese warrant market; Option pricing model;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G13 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:finmar:v:16:y:2013:i:1:p:165-193. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/finmar .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.