IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/finlet/v57y2023ics1544612323005718.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Banks’ ESG disclosure: A new scoring model

Author

Listed:
  • Gai, Lorenzo
  • Bellucci, Marco
  • Biggeri, Mario
  • Ferrone, Lucia
  • Ielasi, Federica

Abstract

The study aims to apply an original methodology for aggregating indicators in a new ESG scoring model, to assess the level of banks’ ESG disclosure. The methodology allows to calculate the BESGI score – Banks’ Environmental, Social, Governance and Indirect impacts score - and to compare it with mathematical and geometric means. This method applies a flexible aggregation function, that is able to treat the indicators as not fully substitutable, by avoiding compensations among divergent performances. A pilot empirical application of the BESGI model is presented in the paper, to discover banks’ green-washing practices.

Suggested Citation

  • Gai, Lorenzo & Bellucci, Marco & Biggeri, Mario & Ferrone, Lucia & Ielasi, Federica, 2023. "Banks’ ESG disclosure: A new scoring model," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:57:y:2023:i:c:s1544612323005718
    DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2023.104199
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1544612323005718
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.frl.2023.104199?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mario Biggeri & Lucia Ferrone, 2021. "Measuring Child Multidimensional Deprivation: A Sustainability Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-19, April.
    2. Mario Biggeri & Luca Bortolotti & Vincenzo Mauro, 2021. "The Analysis of Well‐Being Using the Income‐Adjusted Multidimensional Synthesis of Indicators: The Case of China☆," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 67(3), pages 684-704, September.
    3. Chen, Zhongfei & Xie, Guanxia, 2022. "ESG disclosure and financial performance: Moderating role of ESG investors," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    4. Vincenzo Mauro & Mario Biggeri & Filomena Maggino, 2018. "Measuring and Monitoring Poverty and Well-Being: A New Approach for the Synthesis of Multidimensionality," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 135(1), pages 75-89, January.
    5. François Bourguignon & Satya R. Chakravarty, 2019. "The Measurement of Multidimensional Poverty," Themes in Economics, in: Satya R. Chakravarty (ed.), Poverty, Social Exclusion and Stochastic Dominance, pages 83-107, Springer.
    6. Marina Brogi & Valentina Lagasio, 2019. "Environmental, social, and governance and company profitability: Are financial intermediaries different?," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 26(3), pages 576-587, May.
    7. Matteo Mazziotta & Adriano Pareto, 2019. "Use and Misuse of PCA for Measuring Well-Being," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 142(2), pages 451-476, April.
    8. Marco Bellucci & Diletta Acuti & Lorenzo Simoni & Giacomo Manetti, 2021. "Restoring an eroded legitimacy: the adaptation of nonfinancial disclosure after a scandal and the risk of hypocrisy," Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 34(9), pages 195-217, July.
    9. Agnese, Paolo & Battaglia, Francesca & Busato, Francesco & Taddeo, Simone, 2023. "ESG controversies and governance: Evidence from the banking industry," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    10. Yoo, Sunbin & Managi, Shunsuke, 2022. "Disclosure or action: Evaluating ESG behavior towards financial performance," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 44(C).
    11. Florian Berg & Julian F Kölbel & Roberto Rigobon, 2022. "Aggregate Confusion: The Divergence of ESG Ratings [Corporate social responsibility and firm risk: theory and empirical evidence]," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 26(6), pages 1315-1344.
    12. Paul A. Griffin & David H. Lont & Estelle Y. Sun, 2017. "The Relevance to Investors of Greenhouse Gas Emission Disclosures," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 34(2), pages 1265-1297, June.
    13. Meles, Antonio & Salerno, Dario & Sampagnaro, Gabriele & Verdoliva, Vincenzo & Zhang, Jianing, 2023. "The influence of green innovation on default risk: Evidence from Europe," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 692-710.
    14. Giuliana Birindelli & Graziella Bonanno & Stefano Dell'Atti & Antonia Patrizia Iannuzzi, 2022. "Climate change commitment, credit risk and the country's environmental performance: Empirical evidence from a sample of international banks," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(4), pages 1641-1655, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Marie, Mohamed & Qi, Baolei & Elgammal, Mohammed & Elnahass, Marwa, 2024. "A more sustainable future: Can politically connected CEOs spur the nexus between ESG performance and firm financial performance?," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 96(C).
    2. Jaya Krishnakumar & Mario Biggeri & Mauro Vincenzo, 2022. "Eat AND Study but Wii OR Ski! Differentiating Between ‘Basic’ and ‘Non-basic’ Dimensions in a Multidimensional Index," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 163(3), pages 1115-1138, October.
    3. Danisman, Gamze Ozturk & Tarazi, Amine, 2024. "ESG activity and bank lending during financial crises," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    4. Dunbar, Kwamie & Treku, Daniel & Sarnie, Robert & Hoover, Jack, 2023. "What does ESG risk premia tell us about mutual fund sustainability levels: A difference-in-differences analysis," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
    5. Pompei MITITEAN & Nicoleta-Florina SĂRMAȘ, 2023. "The Relationship Between Sustainability Reporting and Corporate Performance. Evidence from the European Energy Sector," CECCAR Business Review, Body of Expert and Licensed Accountants of Romania (CECCAR), vol. 4(7), pages 49-59, July.
    6. Fan, Kwok Yuen & Shen, Jianfu & Hui, Eddie C.M. & Cheng, Louis T.W., 2024. "ESG components and equity returns: Evidence from real estate investment trusts," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 96(PB).
    7. Liu, Xiangqiang & Dai, Jiajie & Dong, Xiaohong & Liu, Jia, 2024. "ESG rating disagreement and analyst forecast quality," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 95(PB).
    8. Li, Chao & Keeley, Alexander Ryota & Takeda, Shutaro & Seki, Daikichi & Managi, Shunsuke, 2024. "Investor’s ESG Tendency Probed by Pre-trained Transformers," MPRA Paper 122756, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Sirimon Treepongkaruna & Hue Hwa Au Yong & Steen Thomsen & Khine Kyaw, 2024. "Greenwashing, carbon emission, and ESG," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(8), pages 8526-8539, December.
    10. Lidia Ceriani & Chiara Gigliarano, 2020. "Multidimensional Well-Being: A Bayesian Networks Approach," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 152(1), pages 237-263, November.
    11. Bruno, Elena & Iacoviello, Giuseppina & Giannetti, Caterina, 2024. "Bank credit loss and ESG performance," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    12. An, Hui & Ran, Chenyang & Gao, Ya, 2025. "Does ESG information disclosure increase firm value? The mediation role of financing constraints in China," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 73(PA).
    13. Marc Kouzez & Ji-Yong Lee & Jomana Leroux, 2024. "Investment in ESG activities and bank performance: does bank ownership matter?," Post-Print hal-03859287, HAL.
    14. Chai, Shanglei & Cao, Mengjun & Li, Qiang & Ji, Qiang & Liu, Zuankuo, 2023. "Exploring the nexus between ESG disclosure and corporate sustainable growth: Moderating role of media attention," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 58(PC).
    15. Haibo Sun & Tonghuan Bai & Youqing Fan & Zhonglu Liu, 2024. "Environmental, social, and governance performance and enterprise sustainable green innovation: Evidence from China," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 31(4), pages 3633-3650, July.
    16. Dharen Kumar Pandey & Waleed M. Al‐ahdal & Hafiza Aishah Hashim, 2024. "Stock market reaction to mandatory sustainability reporting: Does carbon‐intensity and environmental, social, and governance reputation matter?," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(8), pages 9116-9140, December.
    17. Erli Dan & Jianfei Shen & Yiwei Guo, 2023. "Corporate Sustainable Growth, Carbon Performance, and Voluntary Carbon Information Disclosure: New Panel Data Evidence for Chinese Listed Companies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-27, March.
    18. Carlo Drago, 2021. "The Analysis and the Measurement of Poverty: An Interval-Based Composite Indicator Approach," Economies, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-17, October.
    19. Helena Redondo & Elisa Aracil, 2024. "Climate‐related credit risk: Rethinking the credit risk framework," Global Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 15(S1), pages 21-33, March.
    20. Becchetti, Leonardo & Cucinelli, Doriana & Ielasi, Federica & Rossolini, Monica, 2023. "Corporate social irresponsibility: The relationship between ESG misconduct and the cost of equity," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ESG disclosure; Banks; ESG score; Indirect impacts;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:57:y:2023:i:c:s1544612323005718. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/frl .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.