IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/finlet/v52y2023ics1544612322006961.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Cash shortfalls in IPO firms

Author

Listed:
  • Liu, Lei
  • Jacoby, Gady
  • Song, Xiaoping
  • Zheng, Steven Xiaofan

Abstract

We find that most IPO firms will run out of cash soon if they did not receive proceeds from IPOs. The cash shortfalls are not caused by increases in capital expenditure, R&D, M&A, or debt repayment and persist during the 5 years after IPO. Negative net cash flows help explain the persistent cash shortfalls. These results are consistent with the funding horizon theory. IPO firms with more initial cash shortfalls also have lower cash flows in the next 5 years, suggesting that initial cash shortfalls can be used to predict the future operating performance of IPO firms.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Lei & Jacoby, Gady & Song, Xiaoping & Zheng, Steven Xiaofan, 2023. "Cash shortfalls in IPO firms," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:52:y:2023:i:c:s1544612322006961
    DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2022.103520
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1544612322006961
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.frl.2022.103520?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jay R. Ritter & Ivo Welch, 2002. "A Review of IPO Activity, Pricing, and Allocations," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 57(4), pages 1795-1828, August.
    2. Celikyurt, Ugur & Sevilir, Merih & Shivdasani, Anil, 2010. "Going public to acquire? The acquisition motive in IPOs," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(3), pages 345-363, June.
    3. Thomas J. Chemmanur & Shan He & Debarshi K. Nandy, 2010. "The Going-Public Decision and the Product Market," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 23(5), pages 1855-1908.
    4. Jegadeesh, Narasimhan & Weinstein, Mark & Welch, Ivo, 1993. "An empirical investigation of IPO returns and subsequent equity offerings," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(2), pages 153-175, October.
    5. DeAngelo, Harry & DeAngelo, Linda & Whited, Toni M., 2011. "Capital structure dynamics and transitory debt," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(2), pages 235-261, February.
    6. Myers, Stewart C., 1984. "Capital structure puzzle," Working papers 1548-84., Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Sloan School of Management.
    7. Myers, Stewart C, 1984. "The Capital Structure Puzzle," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 39(3), pages 575-592, July.
    8. Kim, Woojin & Weisbach, Michael S., 2008. "Motivations for public equity offers: An international perspective," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 87(2), pages 281-307, February.
    9. DeAngelo, Harry & DeAngelo, Linda & Stulz, René M., 2010. "Seasoned equity offerings, market timing, and the corporate lifecycle," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(3), pages 275-295, March.
    10. Denis, David J. & McKeon, Stephen B., 2021. "Persistent negative cash flows, staged financing, and the stockpiling of cash balances," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 142(1), pages 293-313.
    11. Demers, Elizabeth & Lewellen, Katharina, 2003. "The marketing role of IPOs: evidence from internet stocks," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 68(3), pages 413-437, June.
    12. Stewart C. Myers, 1984. "Capital Structure Puzzle," NBER Working Papers 1393, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    13. Rongbing Huang & Jay R Ritter & David Denis, 2021. "Corporate Cash Shortfalls and Financing Decisions [Market timing and capital structure]," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 34(4), pages 1789-1833.
    14. Andriy Bodnaruk & Eugene Kandel & Massimo Massa & Andrei Simonov, 2008. "Shareholder Diversification and the Decision to Go Public," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 21(6), pages 2779-2824, November.
    15. James C. Brau & Stanley E. Fawcett, 2006. "Initial Public Offerings: An Analysis of Theory and Practice," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 61(1), pages 399-436, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mayur, Manas & Kumar, Manoj, 2006. "An Empirical Investigation of Going Public Decision of Indian Companies," MPRA Paper 1801, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Anderson, Christopher W. & Huang, Jian & Torna, Gökhan, 2017. "Can investors anticipate post-IPO mergers and acquisitions?," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 496-521.
    3. Barclay, Michael J. & Fu, Fangjian & Smith, Clifford W., 2021. "Seasoned equity offerings and corporate financial management," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    4. Skalická Martina & Zinecker Marek & Pietrzak Michał B. & Meluzín Tomáš & Dohnal Mirko, 2019. "Financial impact analysis of going public at the Warsaw Stock Exchange: Using Fuzzy Set Theory to understand behaviours of mature companies," Management & Marketing, Sciendo, vol. 14(1), pages 59-79, March.
    5. Mai, Nhat Chi, 2012. "Market timing, taxes and capital structure: evidence from Vietnam," OSF Preprints t3mvs, Center for Open Science.
    6. Franck Bancel & Usha R. Mittoo, 2013. "Survey evidence: what do we know about European and US firms’ motivations for going public?," Chapters, in: Mario Levis & Silvio Vismara (ed.), Handbook of Research on IPOs, chapter 3, pages 57-75, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    7. Viral V. Acharya & Soku Byoun & Zhaoxia Xu, 2020. "The Sensitivity of Cash Savings to the Cost of Capital," NBER Working Papers 27517, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    8. Fangjian Fu & Clifford W. Smith, 2021. "Strategic Financial Management: Lessons from Seasoned Equity Offerings," Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, Morgan Stanley, vol. 33(1), pages 22-35, March.
    9. Martijn J. Assem & Nico L. Sar & Philippe Versijp, 2017. "CEOs and CFOs on IPOs: The Process and Success of Going Public," De Economist, Springer, vol. 165(4), pages 381-410, December.
    10. Michael J. Brennan & Holger Kraft, 2018. "Leaning Against the Wind: Debt Financing in the Face of Adversity," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 47(3), pages 485-518, September.
    11. Brennan, Michael J. & Kraft, Holger, 2016. "Leaning against the wind: Debt financing in the face of adversity," SAFE Working Paper Series 119, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE, revised 2016.
    12. Wadhwa, Kavita & Neupane, Suman & Syamala, Sudhakara Reddy, 2019. "Do group-affiliated firms time their equity offerings?," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 73-92.
    13. Boucher, Carène & Kooli, Maher, 2022. "Anatomy of money-losing IPOs," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    14. Tut, Daniel, 2019. "Creditor Rights, Debt Capacity and Securities Issuance: Evidence from Anti-Recharacterization Laws," MPRA Paper 102460, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    15. Lee, Chien-Chiang & Ning, Shaolin & Hsieh, Meng-Fen & Lee, Chi-Chuan, 2020. "The going-public decision and rent-seeking activities: Evidence from Chinese private companies," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 44(1).
    16. Keming Li, 2021. "The effect of option trading," Financial Innovation, Springer;Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, vol. 7(1), pages 1-32, December.
    17. Valérie Revest & Alessandro Sapio, 2012. "Financing technology-based small firms in Europe: what do we know?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 39(1), pages 179-205, July.
    18. Miglo, Anton, 2007. "Debt-equity choice as a signal of earnings profile over time," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 69-93, March.
    19. DeAngelo, Harry, 2021. "Corporate financial policy: What really matters?," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    20. David J. Denis, 2024. "Is corporate finance research in decline?," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 59(2), pages 257-264, May.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Cash shortfalls; IPO; Cash flows;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G14 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies; Insider Trading
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:52:y:2023:i:c:s1544612322006961. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/frl .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.