IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/finana/v83y2022ics1057521922002812.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Index tracking and beta arbitrage effects in comovement

Author

Listed:
  • Liao, Yixin
  • Coakley, Jerry
  • Kellard, Neil

Abstract

This paper develops a stylised model for S&P 500 index changes with two beta-based styles: index trackers and beta arbitrageurs who trade in both high and low beta event stocks to exploit mean reversion towards one. Arbitrageurs engage in common or contrarian trading patterns relative to index funds depending on whether historical betas are below or above one. Thus, the overall comovement effect has two distinct components. After index additions, pre-event low beta stocks drive the overall beta increases due to common demand – albeit for different reasons - from indexers and arbitrageurs. By contrast, arbitrageur shorting of high beta additions diminishes or sometimes reverses the beta increases for these stocks driven by indexers. Analogous results hold for index deletions.

Suggested Citation

  • Liao, Yixin & Coakley, Jerry & Kellard, Neil, 2022. "Index tracking and beta arbitrage effects in comovement," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:finana:v:83:y:2022:i:c:s1057521922002812
    DOI: 10.1016/j.irfa.2022.102330
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1057521922002812
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.irfa.2022.102330?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Anand M. Vijh & Jiawei (Brooke) Wang, 2022. "Negative returns on addition to the S&P 500 index and positive returns on deletion? New evidence on the attractiveness of S&P 500 versus S&P 400 indexes," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 51(4), pages 1127-1164, December.
    2. Frazzini, Andrea & Pedersen, Lasse Heje, 2014. "Betting against beta," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 111(1), pages 1-25.
    3. Harris, Lawrence E & Gurel, Eitan, 1986. "Price and Volume Effects Associated with Changes in the S&P 500 List: New Evidence for the Existence of Price Pressures," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 41(4), pages 815-829, September.
    4. Green, T. Clifton & Hwang, Byoung-Hyoun, 2009. "Price-based return comovement," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 93(1), pages 37-50, July.
    5. Stijn Claessens & Yishay Yafeh, 2013. "Comovement of Newly Added Stocks with National Market Indices: Evidence from Around the World," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 17(1), pages 203-227.
    6. Shleifer, Andrei, 1986. "Do Demand Curves for Stocks Slope Down?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 41(3), pages 579-590, July.
    7. Yen-Cheng Chang & Harrison Hong & Inessa Liskovich, 2015. "Regression Discontinuity and the Price Effects of Stock Market Indexing," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 28(1), pages 212-246.
    8. Robin Greenwood, 2008. "Excess Comovement of Stock Returns: Evidence from Cross-Sectional Variation in Nikkei 225 Weights," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 21(3), pages 1153-1186, May.
    9. Chelley-Steeley, Patricia L & Steeley, James M, 1999. "Changes in the Comovement of European Equity Markets," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 37(3), pages 473-488, July.
    10. Jeffrey Wurgler & Ekaterina Zhuravskaya, 2002. "Does Arbitrage Flatten Demand Curves for Stocks?," The Journal of Business, University of Chicago Press, vol. 75(4), pages 583-608, October.
    11. Brian H. Boyer, 2011. "Style‐Related Comovement: Fundamentals or Labels?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 66(1), pages 307-332, February.
    12. Chen, Honghui & Singal, Vijay & Whitelaw, Robert F., 2016. "Comovement revisited," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 121(3), pages 624-644.
    13. Li, Mingyi & Yin, Xiangkang & Zhao, Jing, 2020. "Does program trading contribute to excess comovement of stock returns?," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 257-277.
    14. Vijh, Anand M, 1994. "S&P 500 Trading Strategies and Stock Betas," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 7(1), pages 215-251.
    15. Alok Kumar & Charles M.C. Lee, 2006. "Retail Investor Sentiment and Return Comovements," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 61(5), pages 2451-2486, October.
    16. Black, Fischer, 1972. "Capital Market Equilibrium with Restricted Borrowing," The Journal of Business, University of Chicago Press, vol. 45(3), pages 444-455, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Jerry Coakley & George Dotsis & Apostolos Kourtis & Dimitris Psychoyios, 2024. "The S&P 500 index inclusion effect: Evidence from the options market," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(1), pages 1157-1171, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Benjamin Bennett & René M. Stulz & Zexi Wang, 2020. "Does Joining the S&P 500 Index Hurt Firms?," NBER Working Papers 27593, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Chen, Honghui & Singal, Vijay & Whitelaw, Robert F., 2016. "Comovement revisited," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 121(3), pages 624-644.
    3. Staer, Arsenio & Sottile, Pedro, 2018. "Equivalent volume and comovement," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 143-157.
    4. Alvin Chung Man Leung & Ashish Agarwal & Prabhudev Konana & Alok Kumar, 2017. "Network Analysis of Search Dynamics: The Case of Stock Habitats," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 63(8), pages 2667-2687, August.
    5. Hacıbedel, Burcu, 2014. "Does investor recognition matter for asset pricing?," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 21(C), pages 1-20.
    6. repec:ibf:ijbfre:v:11:y:2017:i:2:p:39-56 is not listed on IDEAS
    7. Escobar,Mariana & Pandolfi,Lorenzo & Pedraza Morales,Alvaro Enrique & Williams,Tomas, 2021. "The Anatomy of Index Rebalancings : Evidence from Transaction Data," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9770, The World Bank.
    8. Grégoire, Vincent, 2020. "The rise of passive investing and index-linked comovement," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 51(C).
    9. Kashyap, Anil K & Kovrijnykh, Natalia & Li, Jian & Pavlova, Anna, 2021. "The benchmark inclusion subsidy," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 142(2), pages 756-774.
    10. Schnitzler, Jan, 2018. "S&P 500 inclusions and stock supply," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 341-356.
    11. Anand M. Vijh & Jiawei (Brooke) Wang, 2022. "Negative returns on addition to the S&P 500 index and positive returns on deletion? New evidence on the attractiveness of S&P 500 versus S&P 400 indexes," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 51(4), pages 1127-1164, December.
    12. Do, Hung X. & Nguyen, Nhut H. & Nguyen, Quan M.P., 2022. "Multinationals and stock return comovement," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    13. Jiang, Hao & Vayanos, Dimitri & Zheng, Lu, 2020. "Tracking biased weights: asset pricing implications of value-weighted indexing," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 118847, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    14. Wahal, Sunil & Yavuz, M. Deniz, 2013. "Style investing, comovement and return predictability," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 107(1), pages 136-154.
    15. Cathcart, Lara & El-Jahel, Lina & Evans, Leo & Shi, Yining, 2019. "Excess comovement in credit default swap markets: Evidence from the CDX indices," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 96-120.
    16. Xinyuan Tao & Chunchi Wu, 2021. "Rating labels and style investing: Evidence from Moody's rating recalibration," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 50(4), pages 1047-1084, December.
    17. Chinco, Alex & Sammon, Marco, 2024. "The passive ownership share is double what you think it is," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    18. Ashish Agarwal & Alvin Chung Man Leung & Prabhudev Konana & Alok Kumar, 2017. "Cosearch Attention and Stock Return Predictability in Supply Chains," Information Systems Research, INFORMS, vol. 28(2), pages 265-288, June.
    19. Chun-An Li & Min-Ching Lee & Ju-Hua Liu, 2018. "Label Co-Movement: Component Stock Inclusion And Exclusion Between Different Exchange-Traded Funds," The International Journal of Business and Finance Research, The Institute for Business and Finance Research, vol. 12(1), pages 39-56.
    20. Su, Fei & Wang, Xinyi, 2021. "Investor co-attention and stock return co-movement: Evidence from China’s A-share stock market," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    21. Robin Greenwood & Toomas Laarits & Jeffrey Wurgler, 2022. "Stock Market Stimulus," NBER Working Papers 29827, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Investment styles; beta arbitrageurs; index changes;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G10 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates
    • G14 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies; Insider Trading

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:finana:v:83:y:2022:i:c:s1057521922002812. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/inca/620166 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.