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The whole elephant: Defining evaluation

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  • Gullickson, Amy M.

Abstract

Definitions help us understand the characteristics of an object or phenomenon and are a necessary precursor to understanding what a good version of it looks like. Evaluation as a field has resisted a common definition (Crane, 1988; Morell & Flaherty, 1978; M. F. Smith, 1999), which has implications for marketing, training, practice, and quality assurance. In this position paper, I describe the benefits and challenges of not having a clear, agreed-upon definition, then propose and explore the implications of two definitions for the evaluation profession based on values and valuation as the core of evaluation practice. The purpose is to describe a possible way forward through definition that would increase our professional profile, power, and contribution to social justice. The paper concludes with implications for evaluator competencies and evaluation education and questions for further research.

Suggested Citation

  • Gullickson, Amy M., 2020. "The whole elephant: Defining evaluation," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:epplan:v:79:y:2020:i:c:s014971891930360x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2020.101787
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ozeki, Satoshi & Coryn, Chris L.S. & Schröter, Daniela C., 2019. "Evaluation logic in practice," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 1-1.
    2. Morell, Jonathan A. & Flaherty, Eugenie Walsh, 1978. "The development of evaluation as a profession: Current status and some predictions," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, vol. 1(1), pages 11-17, January.
    3. Patton, Michael Quinn & Horton, Douglas, 2008. "Utilization-focused evaluation for agricultural innovation," ILAC Briefs 52533, Institutional Learning and Change (ILAC) Initiative.
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