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Fuel life cycle emissions for electricity consumption in the world’s gaming center–Macao SAR, China

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  • To, W.M.
  • Lai, T.M.
  • Chung, W.L.

Abstract

The gaming and hospitality sector has been expanding rapidly in recent years. Concurrently energy consumption in this sector has surged significantly. This paper reviews the literature on the relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth and introduces the 4-parameter logistic functions to model the growth of electricity consumption and other related parameters in the world’s gaming center–Macao, China. The accuracy of the growth models were assessed by using the mean absolute percentage error and the root mean squared percentage error. The paper also introduces the application of life cycle analysis to greenhouse gases emissions for electricity consumption. As Macao in recent years has imported a significant amount of electricity from a coal-fired power plant in its nearby area – Zhuhai, the impact analysis included greenhouse gases emissions from the extraction, transportation, processing, and combustion along fuel life cycles in the local power plant as well as Zhuhai’s power plant. We found that the emissions associated with the imported electricity contributed greatly to total emissions.

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  • To, W.M. & Lai, T.M. & Chung, W.L., 2011. "Fuel life cycle emissions for electricity consumption in the world’s gaming center–Macao SAR, China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(8), pages 5162-5168.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:36:y:2011:i:8:p:5162-5168
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2011.06.019
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Chen, B. & Li, J.S. & Zhou, S.L. & Yang, Q. & Chen, G.Q., 2018. "GHG emissions embodied in Macao's internal energy consumption and external trade: Driving forces via decomposition analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 4100-4106.
    2. Li, J.S. & Alsaed, A. & Hayat, T. & Chen, G.Q., 2014. "Energy and carbon emission review for Macao's gaming industry," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 744-753.
    3. Chen, B. & Yang, Q. & Zhou, Sili & Li, J.S. & Chen, G.Q., 2017. "Urban economy's carbon flow through external trade: Spatial-temporal evolution for Macao," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 69-78.
    4. Tiffany Cheng Han Leung & Robin Stanley Snell, 2017. "Attraction or Distraction? Corporate Social Responsibility in Macao’s Gambling Industry," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 145(3), pages 637-658, October.
    5. Li, J.S. & Chen, G.Q. & Wu, X.F. & Hayat, T. & Alsaedi, A. & Ahmad, B., 2014. "Embodied energy assessment for Macao׳s external trade," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 642-653.
    6. Li, J.S. & Chen, G.Q. & Lai, T.M. & Ahmad, B. & Chen, Z.M. & Shao, L. & Ji, Xi, 2013. "Embodied greenhouse gas emission by Macao," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 819-833.
    7. Lam, K.H. & Lai, T.M. & Lo, W.C. & To, W.M., 2012. "The application of dynamic modelling techniques to the grid-connected PV (photovoltaic) systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 46(1), pages 264-274.
    8. To, W.M., 2014. "Association between energy use and poor visibility in Hong Kong SAR, China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 12-20.
    9. Wai-Ming To & Peter K. C. Lee & Chi To Ng, 2017. "Factors Contributing to Haze Pollution: Evidence from Macao, China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-12, September.
    10. Li, J.S. & Chen, G.Q., 2013. "Energy and greenhouse gas emissions review for Macao," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 23-32.
    11. Davis, Matthew & Ahiduzzaman, Md. & Kumar, Amit, 2018. "How will Canada’s greenhouse gas emissions change by 2050? A disaggregated analysis of past and future greenhouse gas emissions using bottom-up energy modelling and Sankey diagrams," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C), pages 754-786.
    12. Cui, Xiaowei & Hong, Jinglan & Gao, Mingming, 2012. "Environmental impact assessment of three coal-based electricity generation scenarios in China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 952-959.

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