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Optimal design of direct expansion systems for electricity production by LNG cold energy recovery

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  • Franco, Alessandro
  • Giovannini, Caterina

Abstract

The aim of this paper is the investigation of cold energy recovery of liquefied natural gas (LNG) in regasification terminals achievable through direct expansion techniques. After an overview of the state of the art related to the LNG system and the technologies proposed for power recovery, multi-pressure direct expansion solutions with internal heat recovery (multi-pressure DE) are analysed. The purpose is to identify the highest level of recoverable energy and the optimal design parameters, considering technological constraints such as pressure and minimum end-expansion temperature. The multi-pressure DE solutions prove to be innovative power recovery methods because, with a relatively low use of seawater, it is possible to save regasified LNG and generate electrical power, valorising the energy invested in liquefaction. An estimate of recoverable power in operating terminals is carried out. Configurations with cryogenic or non-cryogenic turboexpanders are discussed. Using the proposed solution with non-cryogenic turboexpander and distribution pressure of 3.5 MPa, 56 kJ for each kg of LNG can be produced, which can become more than 150 kJ/kg with cryogenic turboexpanders. For long-distance distribution, cryogenic multi-pressure DE cycles can recover around 100–120 kJ per kg of LNG. The presented techniques can allow recovery of up to and over 30% of the maximum specific work available in LNG regasification.

Suggested Citation

  • Franco, Alessandro & Giovannini, Caterina, 2023. "Optimal design of direct expansion systems for electricity production by LNG cold energy recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:280:y:2023:i:c:s0360544223015670
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2023.128173
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Sun, Daming & Wang, Chenghong & Shen, Qie, 2024. "A compression-free re-liquefication process of LNG boil-off gas using LNG cold energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    2. Lee, Sehyeok & Kim, Dohoon & Ha, Honggeun & Kim, Min Soo, 2023. "Pressure energy recovery of LNG integrated with multi-stage feedwater fuel preheaters in a combined cycle power plant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    3. Xinglin Yang & Qiang Lei & Junhu Zou & Xiaohui Lu & Zhenzhen Chen, 2023. "Green and Efficient Recovery and Optimization of Waste Heat and LNG Cold Energy in LNG-Powered Ship Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-32, December.
    4. Liu, Jingyuan & Zhou, Tian & Yang, Sheng, 2024. "Advanced exergy and exergoeconomic analysis of a multi-stage Rankine cycle system combined with hydrate energy storage recovering LNG cold energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).

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