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Energy optimization and greenhouse gas emissions mitigation for agricultural and horticultural systems in Northern Iran

Author

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  • Mostashari-Rad, Fatemeh
  • Nabavi-Pelesaraei, Ashkan
  • Soheilifard, Farshad
  • Hosseini-Fashami, Fatemeh
  • Chau, Kwok-wing

Abstract

The objective of this study is to comprehensively optimize energy usage and determine mitigation of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in agricultural and horticultural crops of Guilan Province, Iran. For this purpose, required data are collected from eggplant, garlic, tea, hazelnut, kiwifruit and tangerine producers through questionnaires. In this study, GHG emissions are investigated under both On-Farm and Off-Farm sectors. Data envelopment analysis method is employed for the optimization of GHG emissions and energy flow. The highest and lowest energy consumption are related to tea and kiwifruit production, respectively. Results show that kiwifruit and eggplant have the highest scores in technical efficiency whilst tangerine and tea have the highest values in pure technical efficiency. The largest amount of energy is saved in kiwifruit orchards with 8316.29 MJ ha−1. Nitrogen fertilizer and diesel fuel have the topmost energy saving potential in most crops. Kiwifruit orchards have the highest potential for mitigation of GHG gas emissions (520.79 kg CO2 eq. ha−1). Results show that an appropriate usage of nitrogen fertilizer and replacement by organic fertilizer will mitigate GHG emissions as well as energy consumption. It can be concluded that GHG emissions can be mitigated by energy optimization in all the studied crops.

Suggested Citation

  • Mostashari-Rad, Fatemeh & Nabavi-Pelesaraei, Ashkan & Soheilifard, Farshad & Hosseini-Fashami, Fatemeh & Chau, Kwok-wing, 2019. "Energy optimization and greenhouse gas emissions mitigation for agricultural and horticultural systems in Northern Iran," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:186:y:2019:i:c:s0360544219315178
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.07.175
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    11. Hessampour, Reza & Bastani, Aboubakr & Hassani, Mehrdad & Failla, Sabina & Vaverková, Magdalena Daria & Halog, Anthony, 2023. "Joint life cycle assessment and data envelopment analysis for the benchmarking of energy, exergy, environmental effects, and water footprint in the canned apple supply chain," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    12. Shirzad, Hossein & Barati, Ali Akbar & Ehteshammajd, Shaghayegh & Goli, Imaneh & Siamian, Narges & Moghaddam, Saghi Movahhed & Pour, Mahdad & Tan, Rong & Janečková, Kristina & Sklenička, Petr & Azadi,, 2022. "Agricultural land tenure system in Iran: An overview," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
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    14. Liu, Yigang & Li, Guoxuan & Chen, Zhengrun & Shen, Yuanyuan & Zhang, Hongru & Wang, Shuai & Qi, Jianguang & Zhu, Zhaoyou & Wang, Yinglong & Gao, Jun, 2020. "Comprehensive analysis of environmental impacts and energy consumption of biomass-to-methanol and coal-to-methanol via life cycle assessment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
    15. Yeşim Aytop, 2023. "Determination of Energy Consumption and Technical Efficiency of Cotton Farms in Türkiye," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-14, July.
    16. Chen, Qiuwen & Ma, Xiaohan & Hu, Jiayu & Zhang, Xiaohong, 2023. "Comparison of comprehensive performance of kiwifruit production in China, Iran, and Italy based on emergy and carbon emissions," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 483(C).
    17. Khanali, Majid & Ghasemi-Mobtaker, Hassan & Varmazyar, Hossein & Mohammadkashi, Naghmeh & Chau, Kwok-wing & Nabavi-Pelesaraei, Ashkan, 2022. "Applying novel eco-exergoenvironmental toxicity index to select the best irrigation system of sunflower production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).
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    20. Khanali, Majid & Akram, Asadollah & Behzadi, Javad & Mostashari-Rad, Fatemeh & Saber, Zahra & Chau, Kwok-wing & Nabavi-Pelesaraei, Ashkan, 2021. "Multi-objective optimization of energy use and environmental emissions for walnut production using imperialist competitive algorithm," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    21. Kaur, Navneet & Vashist, Krishan Kumar & Brar, A.S., 2021. "Energy and productivity analysis of maize based crop sequences compared to rice-wheat system under different moisture regimes," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).

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