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Quantum computing for energy systems optimization: Challenges and opportunities

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  • Ajagekar, Akshay
  • You, Fengqi

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to explore the applications of quantum computing to energy systems optimization problems and discuss some of the challenges faced by quantum computers with techniques to overcome them. The basic concepts underlying quantum computation and their distinctive characteristics in comparison to their classical counterparts are also discussed. Along with different hardware architecture description of two commercially available quantum systems, an example making use of open-source software tools is provided as a first step for diving into the new realm of programming quantum computers for solving systems optimization problems. The trade-off between qualities of these two quantum architectures is also discussed. Complex nature of energy systems due to their structure and large number of design and operational constraints make energy systems optimization a hard problem for most available algorithms. Problems like facility location allocation for energy systems infrastructure development, unit commitment of electric power systems operations, and heat exchanger network synthesis which fall under the category of energy systems optimization are solved using both classical algorithms implemented on conventional CPU based computer and quantum algorithm realized on quantum computing hardware. Their designs, implementation and results are stated. Additionally, this paper describes the limitations of state-of-the-art quantum computers and their great potential to impact the field of energy systems optimization.

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  • Ajagekar, Akshay & You, Fengqi, 2019. "Quantum computing for energy systems optimization: Challenges and opportunities," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 76-89.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:179:y:2019:i:c:p:76-89
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.04.186
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    1. Ajagekar, Akshay & You, Fengqi, 2022. "Quantum computing and quantum artificial intelligence for renewable and sustainable energy: A emerging prospect towards climate neutrality," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
    2. Rafał Różycki & Joanna Józefowska & Krzysztof Kurowski & Tomasz Lemański & Tomasz Pecyna & Marek Subocz & Grzegorz Waligóra, 2022. "A Quantum Approach to the Problem of Charging Electric Cars on a Motorway," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-20, December.
    3. Ahmed Al-Shafei & Hamidreza Zareipour & Yankai Cao, 2022. "High-Performance and Parallel Computing Techniques Review: Applications, Challenges and Potentials to Support Net-Zero Transition of Future Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-58, November.
    4. Tiberiu Stefan Letia & Elenita Maria Durla-Pasca & Dahlia Al-Janabi & Octavian Petru Cuibus, 2022. "Development of Evolutionary Systems Based on Quantum Petri Nets," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(23), pages 1-34, November.
    5. Lyu, Wenjing & Liu, Jin, 2021. "Artificial Intelligence and emerging digital technologies in the energy sector," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 303(C).
    6. Olatunji, Kehinde O. & Ahmed, Noor A. & Madyira, Daniel M. & Adebayo, Ademola O. & Ogunkunle, Oyetola & Adeleke, Oluwatobi, 2022. "Performance evaluation of ANFIS and RSM modeling in predicting biogas and methane yields from Arachis hypogea shells pretreated with size reduction," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 288-303.
    7. Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír & Wang, Qiu-Wang & Varbanov, Petar Sabev & Zeng, Min & Chin, Hon Huin & Lal, Nathan Sanjay & Li, Nian-Qi & Wang, Bohong & Wang, Xue-Chao & Walmsley, Timothy Gordon, 2020. "Heat transfer enhancement, intensification and optimisation in heat exchanger network retrofit and operation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    8. Ajagekar, Akshay & You, Fengqi, 2024. "Variational quantum circuit based demand response in buildings leveraging a hybrid quantum-classical strategy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 364(C).
    9. Deng, Zhipeng & Wang, Xuezheng & Dong, Bing, 2023. "Quantum computing for future real-time building HVAC controls," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 334(C).

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