IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v168y2019icp70-79.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Energy and emission impacts of liquid fueled engines compared to electric motors for small size motorcycles based on the Brazilian scenario

Author

Listed:
  • de Assis Brasil Weber, Natália
  • da Rocha, Bárbara Pacheco
  • Smith Schneider, Paulo
  • Daemme, Luiz Carlos
  • de Arruda Penteado Neto, Renato

Abstract

Real data from dynamometric essays of electric and internal combustion engines motorcycles pointed out a 3 times superior energy performance of electric driven vehicles (47.06% efficiency) compared to the average value for liquid fueled engines (15.32%). That conclusion motivated a more comprehensive assessment, based on a bottom-up methodology together with the Primary Energy Factor PEF, in order to enlarge the energy chain by considering the Brazilian energetic matrix. Environmental impact is considered through the evaluation of greenhouse gases. PEF is calculated for five motorcycles based on 2010 to 2016 production data, followed by a projection for the years 2021, 2025 and 2026. PEF average values for electric and liquid fueled motorcycles are 3.5 and 7.1 respectively. The experimental tank-to-wheel efficiency ratio of 3 to 1 from dynamometric essays turns to be a well-to-wheel 2 to 1 ratio whenever the enlarged energy chain is considered. PEF method applied to dynamometric results shows that electric driven motorcycles are still more energy efficient than liquid fueled similar vehicles for the Brazilian matrix. Emissions from electric conversion are still less harmful, nevertheless battery impact must be better studied.

Suggested Citation

  • de Assis Brasil Weber, Natália & da Rocha, Bárbara Pacheco & Smith Schneider, Paulo & Daemme, Luiz Carlos & de Arruda Penteado Neto, Renato, 2019. "Energy and emission impacts of liquid fueled engines compared to electric motors for small size motorcycles based on the Brazilian scenario," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 70-79.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:168:y:2019:i:c:p:70-79
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.11.051
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544218322552
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2018.11.051?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wilby, Mark Richard & Rodríguez González, Ana Belén & Vinagre Díaz, Juan José, 2014. "Empirical and dynamic primary energy factors," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 771-779.
    2. Nocera, Silvio & Cavallaro, Federico, 2017. "A two-step method to evaluate the Well-To-Wheel carbon efficiency of Urban Consolidation Centres," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 44-55.
    3. Walter, Arnaldo & Dolzan, Paulo & Quilodrán, Oscar & de Oliveira, Janaína G. & da Silva, Cinthia & Piacente, Fabrício & Segerstedt, Anna, 2011. "Sustainability assessment of bio-ethanol production in Brazil considering land use change, GHG emissions and socio-economic aspects," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(10), pages 5703-5716, October.
    4. Weinert, Jonathan X. & Ogden, Joan M. & Sperling, Dan & Burke, Andy, 2008. "The future of electric two-wheelers and electric vehicles in China," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt0d05f8v9, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    5. Brandt, Adam R. & Dale, Michael & Barnhart, Charles J., 2013. "Calculating systems-scale energy efficiency and net energy returns: A bottom-up matrix-based approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 235-247.
    6. Huang, Shihping Kevin & Kuo, Lopin & Chou, Kuei-Lan, 2018. "The impacts of government policies on green utilization diffusion and social benefits – A case study of electric motorcycles in Taiwan," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 473-486.
    7. Weinert, Jonathan & Ogden, Joan & Sperling, Dan & Burke, Andrew, 2008. "The future of electric two-wheelers and electric vehicles in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(7), pages 2544-2555, July.
    8. Fleiter, Tobias & Worrell, Ernst & Eichhammer, Wolfgang, 2011. "Barriers to energy efficiency in industrial bottom-up energy demand models--A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(6), pages 3099-3111, August.
    9. Cox, Brian L. & Mutel, Christopher L., 2018. "The environmental and cost performance of current and future motorcycles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 1013-1024.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Choi, Minje & Ku, DongGyun & Kim, Sion & Kwak, Juhyeon & Jang, Yoonjung & Lee, Doyun & Lee, Seungjae, 2023. "Action plans on the reduction of mobility energy consumption based on personal mobility activation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PD).
    2. Casper Boongaling Agaton & Angelie Azcuna Collera & Charmaine Samala Guno, 2020. "Socio-Economic and Environmental Analyses of Sustainable Public Transport in the Philippines," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-14, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yide Liu & Ivan Ka Wai Lai, 2020. "The Effects of Environmental Policy and the Perception of Electric Motorcycles on the Acceptance of Electric Motorcycles: An Empirical Study in Macau," SAGE Open, , vol. 10(1), pages 21582440198, January.
    2. Kishimoto, Paul N. & Zhang, Da & Zhang, Xiliang & Karplus, Valerie J., 2013. "Modeling regional transportation demand in China and the impacts of a national carbon constraint," Conference papers 332390, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    3. Ou, Shiqi & Hao, Xu & Lin, Zhenhong & Wang, Hewu & Bouchard, Jessey & He, Xin & Przesmitzki, Steven & Wu, Zhixin & Zheng, Jihu & Lv, Renzhi & Qi, Liang & LaClair, Tim J., 2019. "Light-duty plug-in electric vehicles in China: An overview on the market and its comparisons to the United States," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 747-761.
    4. Xu, X.M. & He, R., 2014. "Review on the heat dissipation performance of battery pack with different structures and operation conditions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 301-315.
    5. Babar, Abdul Haseeb Khan & Ali, Yousaf, 2021. "Enhancement of electric vehicles’ market competitiveness using fuzzy quality function deployment," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    6. Jun Li & Jiachao Shen & Bicen Jia, 2021. "Exploring Intention to Use Shared Electric Bicycles by the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-13, April.
    7. Rao, Zhonghao & Wang, Shuangfeng, 2011. "A review of power battery thermal energy management," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(9), pages 4554-4571.
    8. Geoffrey Rose, 2012. "E-bikes and urban transportation: emerging issues and unresolved questions," Transportation, Springer, vol. 39(1), pages 81-96, January.
    9. Siavash Khalili & Eetu Rantanen & Dmitrii Bogdanov & Christian Breyer, 2019. "Global Transportation Demand Development with Impacts on the Energy Demand and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in a Climate-Constrained World," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-54, October.
    10. Tanto Adi Waluyo & Muhammad Zudhy Irawan & Dewanti, 2022. "Adopting Electric Motorcycles for Ride-Hailing Services: Influential Factors from Driver’s Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-16, September.
    11. Masiero, Gilmar & Ogasavara, Mario Henrique & Jussani, Ailton Conde & Risso, Marcelo Luiz, 2017. "The global value chain of electric vehicles: A review of the Japanese, South Korean and Brazilian cases," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 290-296.
    12. Md Junaed Al Hossain & Md. Zakir Hasan & Md Hasanuzzaman & Md. Ziaur Rahman Khan & Mohammad Ahsan Habib, 2022. "Affordable Electric Three-Wheeler in Bangladesh: Prospects, Challenges, and Sustainable Solutions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-26, December.
    13. Semaria Ruiz & Julian Patiño & Alejandro Marquez-Ruiz & Jairo Espinosa & Eduardo Duque & Paola Ortiz, 2019. "Optimal Design of a Diesel-PV-Wind-Battery-Hydro Pumped POWER system with the Integration of ELECTRIC vehicles in a Colombian Community," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-19, November.
    14. Lin, Xiao & Wells, Peter & Sovacool, Benjamin K., 2018. "The death of a transport regime? The future of electric bicycles and transportation pathways for sustainable mobility in China," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 255-267.
    15. Gihan Ekanayake & Mahesh Suresh Patil & Jae-Hyeong Seo & Moo-Yeon Lee, 2018. "Numerical Study on Heat Transfer Characteristics of the 36V Electronic Control Unit System for an Electric Bicycle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-17, September.
    16. Chen, Ching-Fu & Eccarius, Timo & Su, Pin-Chi, 2021. "The role of environmental concern in forming intentions for switching to electric scooters," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 129-144.
    17. Wells, Peter & Lin, Xiao, 2015. "Spontaneous emergence versus technology management in sustainable mobility transitions: Electric bicycles in China," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 371-383.
    18. Patyal, Vishal Singh & Kumar, Ravi & Kushwah, Shiksha, 2021. "Modeling barriers to the adoption of electric vehicles: An Indian perspective," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    19. Xiaozhou Ye, 2022. "Bike-Sharing Adoption in Cross-National Contexts: An Empirical Research on the Factors Affecting Users’ Intentions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-19, March.
    20. Li, Xintong & Han, Chunyang & Huang, Helai & Pervez, Amjad & Xu, Guangming & Hu, Cheng & Jiang, Qianshan & Wei, Yulu, 2023. "Pursuing higher acceptability and compliance for electric two-wheeler standardization policy in China: The importance of socio-demographic characteristics, psychological factors, and travel habits," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:168:y:2019:i:c:p:70-79. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.