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Pipeline politics—A study of India′s proposed cross border gas projects

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  • Nathan, Hippu Salk Kristle
  • Kulkarni, Sanket Sudhir
  • Ahuja, Dilip R.

Abstract

India′s energy situation is characterized by increasing energy demand, high fossil fuel dependency, large import shares, and significant portion of population deprived of modern energy services. At this juncture, natural gas, being the cleanest fossil fuel with high efficiency and cost effectiveness, is expected to play an important role. India, with only 0.6% of proven world reserves, is not endowed with adequate natural gas domestically. Nevertheless, there are gas reserves in neighbouring regions which gives rise to the prospects of three cross border gas pipeline projects, namely, Iran–Pakistan–India, Turkmenistan–Afghanistan–Pakistan–India, and Myanmar–Bangladesh–India. This study is a political analysis of these pipeline projects. First, it provides justification on use of natural gas and promotion of cross border energy trade. Then it examines these three pipeline projects and analyses the security concerns, role of different actors, their positions, shifting goals, and strategies. The study develops scenarios on the basis of changing circumstances and discusses some of the pertinent issues like technology options for underground/underwater pipelines and role of private players. It also explores impact of India′s broader foreign relations and role of SAARC on the future of pipelines and proposes energy induced mutually assured protection (MAP) as a concept for regional security.

Suggested Citation

  • Nathan, Hippu Salk Kristle & Kulkarni, Sanket Sudhir & Ahuja, Dilip R., 2013. "Pipeline politics—A study of India′s proposed cross border gas projects," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 145-156.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:62:y:2013:i:c:p:145-156
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2013.06.073
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marco Ferroni & Ashoka Mody, 2002. "International Public Goods : Incentives, Measurement, and Financing," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 15238.
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    3. Anne-Sophie Corbeau, 2010. "Natural Gas in India," IEA Energy Papers 2010/8, OECD Publishing.
    4. Pandian, S., 2005. "The political economy of trans-Pakistan gas pipeline project: assessing the political and economic risks for India," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 33(5), pages 659-670, March.
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    2. Vedachalam, N. & Ramesh, S. & Srinivasalu, S. & Rajendran, G. & Ramadass, G.A. & Atmanand, M.A., 2016. "Assessment of methane gas production from Indian gas hydrate petroleum systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 649-660.
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    5. Liu, Dawei & Xu, Hang, 2021. "A rational policy decision or political deal? A multiple streams' examination of the Russia-China natural gas pipeline," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 148(PB).

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