IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/eneeco/v134y2024ics0140988324002317.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Assessing the impact of renewable energy tokens on BRICS stock markets: A new diversification approach

Author

Listed:
  • Ali, Shoaib
  • Umar, Muhammad
  • Naveed, Muhammad
  • Shan, Shan

Abstract

The key concern of this study is to investigate the nexus between the BRICS equity market and renewable energy tokens. Based on TVP-VAR, we examine the static and dynamic connectedness between our variables of interest. In addition to connectedness, we have also determined the diversification potential of renewable energy tokens using the DCC-GARCH model. The results infer that the connectedness between renewable energy tokens and the BRICS market remains substantial. However, it became more apmlified during COVID-19. Particularly, our findings show that BRICS equity markets act as transmitters while renewable energy tokens function as net receivers of return spillover within the system examined. Additionally, our findings infer that the inclusion of renewable energy tokens offers portfolio diversification benefits to investors in the BRICS region. However, during troublesome times, renewable energy sources provide hedging and compensate the investor's exposure to the higher level of uncertainty. Wrapping up, our findings hold indispensable guidance for investors, portfolio managers, and policy analysts.

Suggested Citation

  • Ali, Shoaib & Umar, Muhammad & Naveed, Muhammad & Shan, Shan, 2024. "Assessing the impact of renewable energy tokens on BRICS stock markets: A new diversification approach," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:eneeco:v:134:y:2024:i:c:s0140988324002317
    DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2024.107523
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988324002317
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.eneco.2024.107523?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Umar, Zaghum & Trabelsi, Nader & Zaremba, Adam, 2021. "Oil shocks and equity markets: The case of GCC and BRICS economies," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(C).
    2. Imran Yousaf & Shoaib Ali, 2020. "Discovering interlinkages between major cryptocurrencies using high-frequency data: new evidence from COVID-19 pandemic," Financial Innovation, Springer;Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, vol. 6(1), pages 1-18, December.
    3. Ali, Shoaib & Naveed, Muhammad & Yousaf, Imran & Khattak, Muhammad Sualeh, 2024. "From cryptos to consciousness: Dynamics of return and volatility spillover between green cryptocurrencies and G7 markets," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    4. Michael L. Polemis & Mike G. Tsionas, 2023. "The environmental consequences of blockchain technology: A Bayesian quantile cointegration analysis for Bitcoin," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(2), pages 1602-1621, April.
    5. Ghabri, Yosra & Ben Rhouma, Oussama & Gana, Marjène & Guesmi, Khaled & Benkraiem, Ramzi, 2022. "Information transmission among energy markets, cryptocurrencies, and stablecoins under pandemic conditions," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    6. Ali, Shoaib & Ijaz, Muhammad Shahzad & Yousaf, Imran, 2023. "Dynamic spillovers and portfolio risk management between defi and metals: Empirical evidence from the Covid-19," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    7. Sinha, Avik & Ghosh, Vinit & Hussain, Nazim & Nguyen, Duc Khuong & Das, Narasingha, 2023. "Green financing of renewable energy generation: Capturing the role of exogenous moderation for ensuring sustainable development," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    8. Elliott, Graham & Rothenberg, Thomas J & Stock, James H, 1996. "Efficient Tests for an Autoregressive Unit Root," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 64(4), pages 813-836, July.
    9. Umar, Muhammad & Farid, Saqib & Naeem, Muhammad Abubakr, 2022. "Time-frequency connectedness among clean-energy stocks and fossil fuel markets: Comparison between financial, oil and pandemic crisis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    10. Ali, Shoaib & Moussa, Faten & Youssef, Manel, 2023. "Connectedness between cryptocurrencies using high-frequency data: A novel insight from the Silicon Valley Banks collapse," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 58(PB).
    11. Liu, Min & Guo, Tongji & Ping, Weiying & Luo, Liangqing, 2023. "Sustainability and stability: Will ESG investment reduce the return and volatility spillover effects across the Chinese financial market?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
    12. Zhang, Xiaofeng & Chen, Xinnan & Fang, Zheng & Zhu, Yujuan & Liang, Jiabo, 2022. "Investment in energy resources, natural resources and environment: Evidence from China," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    13. Koop, Gary & Pesaran, M. Hashem & Potter, Simon M., 1996. "Impulse response analysis in nonlinear multivariate models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 74(1), pages 119-147, September.
    14. Zhang, Dongna & Chen, Xihui Haviour & Lau, Chi Keung Marco & Xu, Bing, 2023. "Implications of cryptocurrency energy usage on climate change," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    15. Akhtaruzzaman, Md & Boubaker, Sabri & Lucey, Brian M. & Sensoy, Ahmet, 2021. "Is gold a hedge or a safe-haven asset in the COVID–19 crisis?," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    16. Ali, Shoaib & Naveed, Muhammad & Hanif, Hasan & Gubareva, Mariya, 2024. "The resilience of Shariah-compliant investments: Probing the static and dynamic connectedness between gold-backed cryptocurrencies and GCC equity markets," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    17. Cao, Guangxi & Xie, Wenhao, 2022. "Asymmetric dynamic spillover effect between cryptocurrency and China's financial market: Evidence from TVP-VAR based connectedness approach," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 49(C).
    18. Summer Xia, 2022. "The link and spillovers between clean energy and fossil fuels market: a systematic literature review," Journal of Accounting Literature, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 44(2/3), pages 177-191, October.
    19. Bai, Lan & Wei, Yu & Zhang, Jiahao & Wang, Yizhi & Lucey, Brian M., 2023. "Diversification effects of China's carbon neutral bond on renewable energy stock markets: A minimum connectedness portfolio approach," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
    20. Aharon, David Y. & Ali, Shoaib, 2024. "A high-frequency data dive into SVB collapse," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    21. Yosra Ghabri & Oussama Ben Rhouma & Marjène Gana & Khaled Guesmi & Ramzi Benkraiem, 2022. "Information transmission among energy markets, cryptocurrencies, and stablecoins under pandemic conditions," Post-Print hal-03674802, HAL.
    22. Dong, Qingli & Zhao, Yanzhi & Ma, Xiaojun & Zhou, Yanan, 2024. "Risk spillover between carbon markets and stock markets from a progressive perspective: Measurements, spillover networks, and driving factors," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    23. Dawar, Ishaan & Dutta, Anupam & Bouri, Elie & Saeed, Tareq, 2021. "Crude oil prices and clean energy stock indices: Lagged and asymmetric effects with quantile regression," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 288-299.
    24. Billah, Mabruk & Balli, Faruk & Hoxha, Indrit, 2023. "Extreme connectedness of agri-commodities with stock markets and its determinants," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 56(C).
    25. Yousaf, Imran & Riaz, Yasir & Goodell, John W., 2023. "Integration between asset management tokens, asset management stock, and other financial markets: Evidence from TVP-VAR modeling," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
    26. Ali, Shoaib & Ijaz, Muhammad Shahzad & Yousaf, Imran & Li, Yanshuang, 2023. "Connectedness and portfolio management between renewable energy tokens and metals: Evidence from TVP-VAR approach," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 127(PA).
    27. Antonakakis, Nikolaos & Gabauer, David, 2017. "Refined Measures of Dynamic Connectedness based on TVP-VAR," MPRA Paper 78282, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    28. Kroner, Kenneth F. & Sultan, Jahangir, 1993. "Time-Varying Distributions and Dynamic Hedging with Foreign Currency Futures," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 28(4), pages 535-551, December.
    29. Naeem, Muhammad Abubakr & Pham, Linh & Senthilkumar, Arunachalam & Karim, Sitara, 2022. "Oil shocks and BRIC markets: Evidence from extreme quantile approach," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(C).
    30. Long, Shaobo & Li, Zixuan, 2023. "Dynamic spillover effects of global financial stress: Evidence from the quantile VAR network," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    31. Huynh, Toan Luu Duc & Foglia, Matteo & Nasir, Muhammad Ali & Angelini, Eliana, 2021. "Feverish sentiment and global equity markets during the COVID-19 pandemic," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 1088-1108.
    32. Kroner, Kenneth F & Ng, Victor K, 1998. "Modeling Asymmetric Comovements of Asset Returns," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 11(4), pages 817-844.
    33. Yousaf, Imran & Nekhili, Ramzi & Umar, Muhammad, 2022. "Extreme connectedness between renewable energy tokens and fossil fuel markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).
    34. Hu, Yang & Lang, Chunlin & Corbet, Shaen & Hou, Yang (Greg) & Oxley, Les, 2023. "Exploring the dynamic behaviour of commodity market tail risk connectedness during the negative WTI pricing event," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 125(C).
    35. Pham, Son Duy & Nguyen, Thao Thac Thanh & Do, Hung Xuan, 2022. "Dynamic volatility connectedness between thermal coal futures and major cryptocurrencies: Evidence from China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
    36. Thomas J. Fisher & Colin M. Gallagher, 2012. "New Weighted Portmanteau Statistics for Time Series Goodness of Fit Testing," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 107(498), pages 777-787, June.
    37. Alkathery, Mohammed A. & Chaudhuri, Kausik & Nasir, Muhammad Ali, 2022. "Implications of clean energy, oil and emissions pricing for the GCC energy sector stock," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
    38. Ha, Le Thanh & Nham, Nguyen Thi Hong, 2022. "An application of a TVP-VAR extended joint connected approach to explore connectedness between WTI crude oil, gold, stock and cryptocurrencies during the COVID-19 health crisis," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 183(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ali, Shoaib & Naveed, Muhammad & Youssef, Manel & Yousaf, Imran, 2024. "FinTech-powered integration: Navigating the static and dynamic connectedness between GCC equity markets and renewable energy cryptocurrencies," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    2. Ali, Shoaib & Al-Nassar, Nassar S. & Naveed, Muhammad, 2024. "Bridging the gap: Uncovering static and dynamic relationships between digital assets and BRICS equity markets," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    3. Ali, Shoaib & Umar, Muhammad & Gubareva, Mariya & Vo, Xuan Vinh, 2024. "Extreme connectedness between NFTs and US equity market: A sectoral analysis," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 299-315.
    4. Yousaf, Imran & Jareño, Francisco & Tolentino, Marta, 2023. "Connectedness between Defi assets and equity markets during COVID-19: A sector analysis," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    5. Wang, Yi & Ali, Shoaib & Ayaz, Muhammad, 2024. "Equity markets and ESG dynamics: Assessing spillovers and portfolio strategies through time-varying parameters," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    6. Ali, Shoaib & Naveed, Muhammad & Hanif, Hasan & Gubareva, Mariya, 2024. "The resilience of Shariah-compliant investments: Probing the static and dynamic connectedness between gold-backed cryptocurrencies and GCC equity markets," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    7. Yousaf, Imran & Zeitun, Rami & Ali, Shoaib & Palma, Alessia, 2024. "Impact of tokenization on financial investments: Exploring connectedness through the case of transport and travel/tourism sectors," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 62(PB).
    8. Nikolaos Antonakakis & Ioannis Chatziantoniou & David Gabauer, 2021. "A regional decomposition of US housing prices and volume: market dynamics and Portfolio diversification," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 66(2), pages 279-307, April.
    9. Al-Fayoumi, Nedal & Bouri, Elie & Abuzayed, Bana, 2023. "Decomposed oil price shocks and GCC stock market sector returns and volatility," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).
    10. Antonakakis, Nikolaos & Chatziantoniou, Ioannis & Gabauer, David, 2019. "Cryptocurrency market contagion: Market uncertainty, market complexity, and dynamic portfolios," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 37-51.
    11. David Gabauer, 2020. "Volatility impulse response analysis for DCC‐GARCH models: The role of volatility transmission mechanisms," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(5), pages 788-796, August.
    12. Ali, Shoaib & Naveed, Muhammad & Yousaf, Imran & Khattak, Muhammad Sualeh, 2024. "From cryptos to consciousness: Dynamics of return and volatility spillover between green cryptocurrencies and G7 markets," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    13. Dang, Tam Hoang Nhat & Balli, Faruk & Balli, Hatice Ozer & Gabauer, David & Nguyen, Thi Thu Ha, 2024. "Sectoral uncertainty spillovers in emerging markets: A quantile time–frequency connectedness approach," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 93(PB), pages 121-139.
    14. Wang, Xuetong & Fang, Fang & Ma, Shiqun & Xiang, Lijin & Xiao, Zumian, 2024. "Dynamic volatility spillover among cryptocurrencies and energy markets: An empirical analysis based on a multilevel complex network," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(PA).
    15. Abakah, Emmanuel Joel Aikins & Brahim, Mariem & Carlotti, Jean-Etienne & Tiwari, Aviral Kumar & Mensi, Walid, 2024. "Extreme downside risk connectedness and portfolio hedging among the G10 currencies," International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
    16. Ozcelebi, Oguzhan & Kang, Sang Hoon, 2024. "Extreme connectedness and network across financial assets and commodity futures markets," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    17. Younis, Ijaz & Gupta, Himani & Du, Anna Min & Shah, Waheed Ullah & Hanif, Waqas, 2024. "Spillover dynamics in DeFi, G7 banks, and equity markets during global crises: A TVP-VAR analysis," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 70(PB).
    18. Mesut Doğan & Sutbayeva Raikhan & Nurbossynova Zhanar & Bodaukhan Gulbagda, 2023. "Analysis of Dynamic Connectedness Relationships among Clean Energy, Carbon Emission Allowance, and BIST Indexes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-13, March.
    19. Abrar, Afsheen & Naeem, Muhammad Abubakr & Karim, Sitara & Lucey, Brian M. & Vigne, Samuel A., 2024. "Shining in or fading out: Do precious metals sparkle for cryptocurrencies?," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    20. Ali, Shoaib & Ijaz, Muhammad Shahzad & Yousaf, Imran & Li, Yanshuang, 2023. "Connectedness and portfolio management between renewable energy tokens and metals: Evidence from TVP-VAR approach," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 127(PA).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Static and dynamic connectedness; Energy tokens; BRICS; Portfolio diversification; Optimal weights;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C40 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics - - - General
    • G10 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - General (includes Measurement and Data)
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:eneeco:v:134:y:2024:i:c:s0140988324002317. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/eneco .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.