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Wavelength assignment for reducing in-band crosstalk attack propagation in optical networks: ILP formulations and heuristic algorithms

Author

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  • Skorin-Kapov, Nina
  • Furdek, Marija
  • Aparicio Pardo, Ramon
  • Mariño, Pablo Pavón

Abstract

Today’s Transparent Optical Networks (TONs) are highly vulnerable to various physical-layer attacks, such as high-power jamming, which can cause severe service disruption or even service denial. The transparency of TONs enables certain attacks to propagate through the network, not only increasing their damage proportions, but also making source identification and attack localization more difficult. High-power jamming attacks causing in-band crosstalk in switches are amongst the most malicious of such attacks. In this paper, we propose a wavelength assignment scheme to reduce their damage assuming limited attack propagation capabilities. This complements our previous work in Furdek et al. (M. Furdek, N. Skorin-Kapov, M. Grbac, Attack-aware wavelength assignment for localization of in-band crosstalk attack propagation, IEEE/OSA Journal of Optical Communications and Networking 2 (11) (2010) 1000–1009) where we investigated infinite jamming attack propagation to find an upper bound on the network vulnerability to such attacks. Here, we consider a more realistic scenario where crosstalk attacks can spread only via primary and/or secondary attackers and define new objective criteria for wavelength assignment, called the PAR (Primary Attack Radius) and SAR (Secondary Attack Radius), accordingly. We formulate the problem variants as integer linear programs (ILPs) with the objectives of minimizing the PAR and SAR values. Due to the intractability of the ILP formulations, for larger instances we propose GRASP (Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure) heuristic algorithms to find suboptimal solutions in reasonable time. Results show that these approaches can obtain solutions using the same number of wavelengths as classical wavelength assignment, while significantly reducing jamming attack damage proportions in optical networks.

Suggested Citation

  • Skorin-Kapov, Nina & Furdek, Marija & Aparicio Pardo, Ramon & Mariño, Pablo Pavón, 2012. "Wavelength assignment for reducing in-band crosstalk attack propagation in optical networks: ILP formulations and heuristic algorithms," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 222(3), pages 418-429.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:ejores:v:222:y:2012:i:3:p:418-429
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2012.05.022
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Skorin-Kapov, Nina, 2007. "Routing and wavelength assignment in optical networks using bin packing based algorithms," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 177(2), pages 1167-1179, March.
    2. Mauricio G.C. Resende & Celso C. Ribeiro, 2010. "Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedures: Advances, Hybridizations, and Applications," International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, in: Michel Gendreau & Jean-Yves Potvin (ed.), Handbook of Metaheuristics, chapter 0, pages 283-319, Springer.
    3. Thiago Noronha & Mauricio Resende & Celso Ribeiro, 2011. "A biased random-key genetic algorithm for routing and wavelength assignment," Journal of Global Optimization, Springer, vol. 50(3), pages 503-518, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Olaizola, Norma & Valenciano, Federico, 2014. "Asymmetric flow networks," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 237(2), pages 566-579.
      • Olaizola Ortega, María Norma & Valenciano Llovera, Federico, 2012. "Asymmetric flow networks," IKERLANAK http://www-fae1-eao1-ehu-, Universidad del País Vasco - Departamento de Fundamentos del Análisis Económico I.
    2. Agarwal, Y.K. & Venkateshan, Prahalad, 2016. "Near optimal design of wavelength routed optical networks," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 250(3), pages 990-1000.

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