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Very high-resolution Net Ecosystem Exchange over India using Vegetation Photosynthesis and Respiration Model (VPRM) simulations

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  • Raju, Anjumol
  • Sijikumar, S.
  • Deb Burman, Pramit Kumar
  • Valsala, Vinu
  • Tiwari, Yogesh K.
  • Mukherjee, Sandipan
  • Lohani, Priyanka
  • Kumar, Kireet

Abstract

The terrestrial biosphere has a crucial role in controlling the rate of CO2 accumulation in the atmosphere. The quantification of Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) is critical to determine whether the regional terrestrial ecosystem is a net sink or source of CO2. This study uses a satellite-data derived light-use-efficiency model (the Vegetation Photosynthesis and Respiration Model, VPRM) to compute the biospheric CO2 fluxes over India from 2011–2020. A very high-resolution Land Use-Land Cover (LULC) data from the IRS-P6 satellite and MODIS derived surface reflectance are utilised to compute the NEE over distinct vegetation types at ∼9km× 9 km. The VPRM model for the Indian region captures the spatial pattern and seasonal features of NEE over the country. The magnitude of annual mean NEE over India from the VPRM model is relatively high compared to that from Carbon Tracker, FLUXCOM, and Soil Moisture Active Passive Level-4 carbon data products. However, the VPRM model simulated NEE agrees with the NEE observations from the eddy covariance estimates, which are accepted as the ground truth. The fusion of high-resolution LULC and surface reflectance data in VPRM suggests that the average NEE over the Indian region during 2011–2020 is −0.16 ± 0.02 PgC yr−1. Among this, the contribution from Gross Ecosystem Exchange is about −0.47 ± 0.02 PgC yr−1, and Respiration is 0.31 ± 0.01 PgC yr−1. The maximum biospheric CO2 absorption is during the post-monsoon season, and the minimum is during the pre-monsoon season. The very high spatial resolution and heterogeneity resolved in the NEE data derived in this work offer the first data product of this kind for a variety of NEE analyses over India.

Suggested Citation

  • Raju, Anjumol & Sijikumar, S. & Deb Burman, Pramit Kumar & Valsala, Vinu & Tiwari, Yogesh K. & Mukherjee, Sandipan & Lohani, Priyanka & Kumar, Kireet, 2023. "Very high-resolution Net Ecosystem Exchange over India using Vegetation Photosynthesis and Respiration Model (VPRM) simulations," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 481(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecomod:v:481:y:2023:i:c:s0304380023000686
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2023.110340
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. John Grace & Mark Rayment, 2000. "Respiration in the balance," Nature, Nature, vol. 404(6780), pages 819-820, April.
    2. Kamaljit Banger & Hanqin Tian & Bo Tao & Wei Ren & Shufen Pan & Shree Dangal & Jia Yang, 2015. "Terrestrial net primary productivity in India during 1901–2010: contributions from multiple environmental changes," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 132(4), pages 575-588, October.
    3. R. L. Thompson & P. K. Patra & F. Chevallier & S. Maksyutov & R. M. Law & T. Ziehn & I. T. van der Laan-Luijkx & W. Peters & A. Ganshin & R. Zhuravlev & T. Maki & T. Nakamura & T. Shirai & M. Ishizawa, 2016. "Top–down assessment of the Asian carbon budget since the mid 1990s," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 7(1), pages 1-10, April.
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    1. Deb Burman, Pramit Kumar & A․G․, Prajeesh & Chakraborty, Supriyo & Tiwari, Yogesh K. & Sarma, Dipankar & Gogoi, Nirmali, 2024. "Simulating the ecosystem-atmosphere carbon, water and energy fluxes at a subtropical Indian forest using an ecosystem model," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 490(C).

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