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Spatial and mass balanced trophic models of La Rinconada Marine Reserve (SE Pacific coast), a protected benthic ecosystem: Management strategy assessment

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  • Ortiz, Marco
  • Avendaño, Miguel
  • Campos, Leonardo
  • Berrios, Fernando

Abstract

Steady-state, dynamic, and spatial models were constructed for the benthic system of La Rinconada Marine Reserve off northern Chile (SE Pacific coast). We examined data on biomass, P/B ratios, catches, food spectrum, consumption, and the dynamics of commercial and non-commercial populations using three theoretical frameworks: Ecopath, Ecosim, and Ecospace. The biomass of the scallop Argopecten purpuratus and the clam Tagelus dombeii were the most relevant compartments of the studied ecosystem. Among the carnivores, the functional crab group Cancer spp. was the most relevant. The Rhodophyta was the dominant macroalga compartment of the system. The results obtained using mixed trophic impacts (MTI) showed that the predatory snail Thais chocolata propagated higher magnitudes of direct and indirect effects on the other species or functional groups. The sea star Luidia magallanica and Rhodophyta had the least effects on the remaining compartments. According to the Ecosim estimates (increasing mortality by fishing), the scallop A. purpuratus had the highest impact on the other compartments. The Ecospace model showed similar qualitative and quantitative effects for changes in biomass under three different exploitation scenarios (by subsystems and globally). Nevertheless, the greatest changes were provoked by using the top-down control and the vulnerabilities estimated by Ecosim. System recovery times were highest with increased mortality of the asteroid L. magallanica and the carnivorous snail T. chocolata, suggesting that the sea star could be considered to be a top predator with a top-down control. The FMSY estimated for the scallop A. purpuratus was close to the Fi originally entered in Ecopath, limiting the design and execution of an exploitation plan within ecologically sustainable boundaries. The situation was different (FMSY≪Fi) for the other commercial species, making possible multi-species exploitation programs. The Ecospace trophic-spatially explicit model shows a similar pattern of direct and indirect effects generated when exerting exploitation separately by subsystems. Therefore, habitat rotation of fisheries is not justified.

Suggested Citation

  • Ortiz, Marco & Avendaño, Miguel & Campos, Leonardo & Berrios, Fernando, 2009. "Spatial and mass balanced trophic models of La Rinconada Marine Reserve (SE Pacific coast), a protected benthic ecosystem: Management strategy assessment," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 220(23), pages 3413-3423.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecomod:v:220:y:2009:i:23:p:3413-3423
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.08.020
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ortiz, Marco, 2008. "Mass balanced and dynamic simulations of trophic models of kelp ecosystems near the Mejillones Peninsula of northern Chile (SE Pacific): Comparative network structure and assessment of harvest strateg," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 216(1), pages 31-46.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sadchatheeswaran, Saachi & Branch, George M. & Shannon, Lynne J. & Coll, Marta & Steenbeek, Jeroen, 2021. "A novel approach to explicitly model the spatiotemporal impacts of structural complexity created by alien ecosystem engineers in a marine benthic environment," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 459(C).
    2. Whitehouse, George A. & Aydin, Kerim Y., 2020. "Assessing the sensitivity of three Alaska marine food webs to perturbations: an example of Ecosim simulations using Rpath," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 429(C).
    3. Ortiz, Marco & Berrios, Fernando & Campos, Leonardo & Uribe, Roberto & Ramirez, Alejandro & Hermosillo-Núñez, Brenda & González, Jorge & Rodriguez-Zaragoza, Fabián, 2015. "Mass balanced trophic models and short-term dynamical simulations for benthic ecological systems of Mejillones and Antofagasta bays (SE Pacific): Comparative network structure and assessment of human ," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 309, pages 153-162.
    4. Ortiz, Marco & Campos, Leonardo & Berrios, Fernando & Rodriguez, Fabián & Hermosillo, Brenda & González, Jorge, 2013. "Network properties and keystoneness assessment in different intertidal communities dominated by two ecosystem engineer species (SE Pacific coast): A comparative analysis," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 250(C), pages 307-318.

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