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Understanding Spatial Variation in the Drivers of Nature-based Tourism and Their Influence on the Sustainability of Private Land Conservation

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  • Baum, Julia
  • Cumming, Graeme S.
  • De Vos, Alta

Abstract

Protected areas connect socio-economic and ecological systems through their provision of ecosystem goods and services. Analysis of ecosystem services allows the expression of ecological benefits in economic terms. However, cultural services, such as recreation opportunities, have proved difficult to quantify. An important challenge for the analysis of cultural services is to understand the geography of service provision in relation to both human and ecological system elements. We used data on visitation rates and measures of context, content, connectivity, and location for 64 private land conservation areas (PLCAs) to better understand geographic influences on cultural service provision. Visitation to PLCAs was influenced by a combination of ecological and socio-economic drivers. Variance partitioning analysis showed that ecology explained the largest proportion of overall variation in visitation rates (26%), followed by location (22%). In tests using generalized linear mixed models, individual factors that significantly explained visitation rates included the number of mammal species, the number of Big 5-species (ecological variables), the number of facilities provided (infrastructure) and average accommodation charges (affordability). Our analysis has important implications for the economic sustainability of PLCAs and more generally for understanding the relevance of spatial variation for analyses of cultural services.

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  • Baum, Julia & Cumming, Graeme S. & De Vos, Alta, 2017. "Understanding Spatial Variation in the Drivers of Nature-based Tourism and Their Influence on the Sustainability of Private Land Conservation," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 225-234.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecolec:v:140:y:2017:i:c:p:225-234
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.05.005
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    1. Diallo, Mbaye Fall & Diop-Sall, Fatou & Leroux, Erick & Vachon, Marc-Antoine, 2022. "How do tourism sustainability and nature affinity affect social engagement propensity? The central roles of nature conservation attitude and personal tourist experience," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    2. Liu, Shidong & Geng, Yuhuan & Zhang, Jianjun & Kang, Xiufen & Shi, Xuelian & Zhang, Jie, 2021. "Ecological trap in tourism-urbanization: Simulating the stagnation and restoration of urbanization from the perspective of government incentives," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).
    3. Chung, Min Gon & Dietz, Thomas & Liu, Jianguo, 2018. "Global relationships between biodiversity and nature-based tourism in protected areas," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 34(PA), pages 11-23.
    4. Esteban Pérez-Calderón & Jorge Manuel Prieto-Ballester & Vanessa Miguel-Barrado & Patricia Milanés-Montero, 2020. "Perception of Sustainability of Spanish National Parks: Public Use, Tourism and Rural Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-14, February.

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