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Resolution of financial distress under Chapter 11

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  • Annabi, Amira
  • Breton, Michèle
  • François, Pascal

Abstract

We develop a contingent claims model for a firm in financial distress with a formal account for renegotiations under the U.S. bankruptcy procedure (known as Chapter 11). Shareholders and two classes of creditors (senior and junior) alternatively propose a reorganization plan subject to a vote. The bankruptcy judge can intervene in any renegotiation round to impose a plan. The multiple-stage bargaining process is solved in a non-cooperative game-theory setting. The calibrated model yields the liquidation rate, the duration of Chapter 11 and the frequency of deviations from the Absolute Priority Rule, which are consistent with empirical evidence.

Suggested Citation

  • Annabi, Amira & Breton, Michèle & François, Pascal, 2012. "Resolution of financial distress under Chapter 11," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 36(12), pages 1867-1887.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:dyncon:v:36:y:2012:i:12:p:1867-1887
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jedc.2012.06.004
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    Cited by:

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    2. Antill, Samuel & Grenadier, Steven R., 2019. "Optimal capital structure and bankruptcy choice: Dynamic bargaining versus liquidation," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 133(1), pages 198-224.
    3. Annabi, Amira & Breton, Michèle & François, Pascal, 2012. "Game theoretic analysis of negotiations under bankruptcy," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 221(3), pages 603-613.
    4. Betz, Jennifer & Kellner, Ralf & Rösch, Daniel, 2016. "What drives the time to resolution of defaulted bank loans?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 18(C), pages 7-31.
    5. François, Pascal & Naqvi, Hassan, 2023. "Secured and unsecured debt in creditor-friendly bankruptcy," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    6. Annabi, Amira & Breton, Michèle & François, Pascal, 2021. "Could Chapter 11 redeem itself? Wealth and welfare effects of the redemption option," International Review of Law and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    7. Goto, Makoto & Suzuki, Teruyoshi, 2015. "Optimal default and liquidation with tangible assets and debt renegotiation," Review of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 16-27.
    8. Ayadi, Mohamed A. & Ben-Ameur, Hatem & Fakhfakh, Tarek, 2016. "A dynamic program for valuing corporate securities," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 249(2), pages 751-770.
    9. Makoto Goto & Teruyoshi Suzuki, 2015. "Optimal default and liquidation with tangible assets and debt renegotiation," Review of Financial Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 27(1), pages 16-27, November.
    10. Pascal François & Alon Raviv, 2014. "Heterogeneous Beliefs and the Choice Between Private Restructuring and Formal Bankruptcy," Cahiers de recherche 1401, CIRPEE.
    11. Beiqi Lin & Chelsea Liu & Kelvin Jui Keng Tan & Qing Zhou, 2020. "CEO turnover and bankrupt firms’ emergence," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 47(9-10), pages 1238-1267, October.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Credit risk; Chapter 11; Game theory; Dynamic programming;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C61 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Optimization Techniques; Programming Models; Dynamic Analysis
    • C7 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Game Theory and Bargaining Theory
    • G33 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Bankruptcy; Liquidation
    • G34 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance

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