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From risk assessment to risk management: Matching interventions to adolescent offenders' strengths and vulnerabilities

Author

Listed:
  • Singh, Jay P.
  • Desmarais, Sarah L.
  • Sellers, Brian G.
  • Hylton, Tatiana
  • Tirotti, Melissa
  • Van Dorn, Richard A.

Abstract

Though considerable research has examined the validity of risk assessment tools in predicting adverse outcomes in justice-involved adolescents, the extent to which risk assessments are translated into risk management strategies and, importantly, the association between this link and adverse outcomes has gone largely unexamined. To address these shortcomings, the Risk–Need–Responsivity (RNR) model was used to examine associations between identified strengths and vulnerabilities, interventions, and institutional outcomes for justice-involved youth. Data were collected from risk assessments completed using the Short-Term Assessment of Risk and Treatability: Adolescent Version (START:AV) for 120 adolescent offenders (96 boys and 24 girls). Interventions and outcomes were extracted from institutional records. Mixed evidence of adherence to RNR principles was found. Accordant to the risk principle, adolescent offenders judged to have more strengths had more strength-based interventions in their service plans, though adolescent offenders with more vulnerabilities did not have more interventions targeting their vulnerabilities. With respect to the need and responsivity principles, vulnerabilities and strengths identified as particularly relevant to the individual youth's risk of adverse outcomes were addressed in the service plans about half and a quarter of the time, respectively. Greater adherence to the risk and need principles was found to predict significantly the likelihood of externalizing outcomes. Findings suggest some gaps between risk assessment and risk management and highlight the potential usefulness of strength-based approaches to intervention.

Suggested Citation

  • Singh, Jay P. & Desmarais, Sarah L. & Sellers, Brian G. & Hylton, Tatiana & Tirotti, Melissa & Van Dorn, Richard A., 2014. "From risk assessment to risk management: Matching interventions to adolescent offenders' strengths and vulnerabilities," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 47(P1), pages 1-9.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:47:y:2014:i:p1:p:1-9
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2013.09.015
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    Cited by:

    1. Kigerl, Alex & Hamilton, Zachary & Kowalski, Melissa & Mei, Xiaohan, 2022. "The great methods bake-off: Comparing performance of machine learning algorithms," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    2. Mathys, Cécile, 2017. "Effective components of interventions in juvenile justice facilities: How to take care of delinquent youths?," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 319-327.
    3. Janssen-de Ruijter, E.A.W. & Mulder, E.A. & Bongers, I.L. & Vermunt, J.K. & van Nieuwenhuizen, Ch., 2021. "One is not the other: Predicting offending after discharge from secure residential care of male adolescents with four risk profiles," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    4. Baglivio, Michael T. & Wolff, Kevin T. & Howell, James C. & Jackowski, Katherine & Greenwald, Mark A., 2018. "The search for the holy grail: Criminogenic needs matching, intervention dosage, and subsequent recidivism among serious juvenile offenders in residential placement," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 46-57.
    5. José-Javier Navarro-Pérez & Marcelo Viera & Joana Calero & José M. Tomás, 2020. "Factors in Assessing Recidivism Risk in Young Offenders," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-11, February.
    6. Jacobs, Leah A. & Ashcraft, Laura Ellen & Sewall, Craig J.R. & Folb, Barbara L. & Mair, Christina, 2020. "Ecologies of juvenile reoffending: A systematic review of risk factors," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).

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