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A prospective, longitudinal study of risk factors for early onset of delinquency among maltreated youth

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  • Cho, Minhae
  • Haight, Wendy
  • Choi, Won Seok
  • Hong, Saahoon
  • Piescher, Kristine

Abstract

Maltreated youth tend to enter into the juvenile justice system at younger ages than their non-maltreated counterparts. Early involvement in the juvenile justice system compounds maltreated youth's risk of adverse developmental outcomes, including serious and continued offending. This study prospectively examined risk factors of first time delinquency for maltreated youth between ages 9 and 14. Using integrated statewide administrative data from Minnesota, this study followed 5002 students with maltreatment histories in 3rd grade for their first adjudication of delinquency over a 6-year period. Cox proportional hazard regression was employed to model time to youth's first time delinquency, and to identify risk factors. Approximately 7% of maltreated youth (n = 332) were adjudicated as delinquent during this period. The results indicated significant risk factors for early onset of delinquency in maltreated youth: being male (HR = 1.87, 95% CI 1.45, 2.40), belonging to particular racial minority groups, especially Black (HR = 1.80, 95% CI 1.36, 2.39), Native American (HR = 2.34, 95% CI 1.61, 3.39, and Hispanic (HR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.10, 2.71), diagnoses of emotional/behavioral disabilities (HR = 1.96, 95% CI 1.30, 2.93), receiving an out-of-school suspension (HR = 1.53, 95% CI 1.04, 2.25), and experiencing more than three previous maltreatment incidents (HR = 2.02, 95% CI 1.54, 2.64). Solutions for maltreated youth who cross over to the juvenile justice system clearly require interventions that are developmentally sensitive and simultaneously address risk factors across multiple ecological levels.

Suggested Citation

  • Cho, Minhae & Haight, Wendy & Choi, Won Seok & Hong, Saahoon & Piescher, Kristine, 2019. "A prospective, longitudinal study of risk factors for early onset of delinquency among maltreated youth," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 222-230.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:102:y:2019:i:c:p:222-230
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.05.023
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    Cited by:

    1. Saia, Koidu & Toros, Karmen & DiNitto, Diana M., 2020. "Interprofessional collaboration in social rehabilitation services for dually-involved Estonian youth: Perceptions of youth, parents, and professionals," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    2. Baidawi, Susan & Sheehan, Rosemary & Flynn, Catherine, 2020. "Criminal exploitation of child protection-involved youth," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    3. Lamb, Brittani A. & Lee, Knoo & Espinoza, Sarah M. & McMorris, Barbara J., 2022. "The power of connectedness: Associations between caring non-parental adult relationships, school attendance, and discipline among foster-involved youth," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
    4. Boatswain-Kyte, Alicia & Hélie, Sonia & Royer, Marie-Noele, 2024. "A critical examination of youth service trajectories: Black children’s transition from child welfare to youth justice," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    5. Ryan Cooper & Joseph Doyle & Andres Hojman, 2023. "Legal aid in child welfare: Evidence from a randomized trial of Mi Abogado," POID Working Papers 077, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    6. Ball, Rubini & Baidawi, Susan, 2021. "Aboriginal crossover children’s characteristics, service needs and service responses: The views of Australian key stakeholders," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    7. Baidawi, Susan & Ball, Rubini, 2023. "Child protection and youth offending: Differences in youth criminal court-involved children by dual system involvement," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).

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