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First- and second-order phase transitions in electronic excitable units and neural dynamics under global inhibitory feedback

Author

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  • Minati, Ludovico
  • Scarpetta, Silvia
  • Andelic, Mirna
  • Valdes-Sosa, Pedro A.
  • Ricci, Leonardo
  • de Candia, Antonio

Abstract

The diverse roles of inhibition in neural circuits and other dynamical networks are receiving renewed interest. Here, it is shown that increasing global inhibitory feedback leads to gradual rounding of first-order transition between dynamical phases, turning it into second-order transition. The effect is initially observed in an electronic model consisting of a bi-dimensional array of neon glow lamps, where global inhibition can be simply introduced through a resistor in series with the supply voltage. The experimental findings are confirmed using both an extended numerical model and a mean-field approximation, then replicated across different models of neural dynamics, namely, the Wilson–Cowan model and a network of leaky integrate-and-fire neurons. Across all these systems, a critical point is always found as a function of a pair of parameters controlling local excitability and global inhibition strength, and a general explanation revealing the roles of the shape of the activation function and voltage fluctuations versus the extinction time-scale is provided. It is speculated that the brain could use global inhibition as a versatile means of shifting between first- and second-order dynamics, addressing the conundrum regarding the coexistence in neural dynamics of phenomena stemming from both. Some reflections regarding the comparison with other physical systems and the possible physiological significance are offered, and a hypothetical setup for an optogenetics experiment on cultured neurons is put forward.

Suggested Citation

  • Minati, Ludovico & Scarpetta, Silvia & Andelic, Mirna & Valdes-Sosa, Pedro A. & Ricci, Leonardo & de Candia, Antonio, 2024. "First- and second-order phase transitions in electronic excitable units and neural dynamics under global inhibitory feedback," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 182(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:chsofr:v:182:y:2024:i:c:s0960077924002534
    DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2024.114701
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Antonio de Candia & Alessandro Sarracino & Ilenia Apicella & Lucilla de Arcangelis, 2021. "Critical behaviour of the stochastic Wilson-Cowan model," PLOS Computational Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(8), pages 1-23, August.
    2. Marc Benayoun & Jack D Cowan & Wim van Drongelen & Edward Wallace, 2010. "Avalanches in a Stochastic Model of Spiking Neurons," PLOS Computational Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(7), pages 1-13, July.
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