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The new frontiers for the United States energy security in the 21st century

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  • Salameh, Mamdouh G.

Abstract

Four major themes will dominate United States energy-security in the 21st century. One is the need to diversify the fuel mix (i.e., oil, natural gas, nuclear power, hydro-electricity and other renewable and alternative energy resources). Another is the need to diversify the geographic origin of energy. A third theme is conservation and energy efficiency. And the final theme is devising new ways of managing growing dependence on oil imports rather than aiming at achieving "energy independence". This paper will examine the new frontiers of the United States' energy security in the 21st century. It will argue that fossil fuels will continue to dominate US energy needs well into the 21st century and that the Gulf region will maintain its strategic importance for US energy security for the foreseeable future. The paper will conclude that US energy-security could be better served by devising ways of managing dependence on oil imports rather than engaging in meaningless debate over energy independence.

Suggested Citation

  • Salameh, Mamdouh G., 2003. "The new frontiers for the United States energy security in the 21st century," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 76(1-3), pages 135-144, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:76:y:2003:i:1-3:p:135-144
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA), 2001. "COMUNIICA No. 16," Comuniica Magazine, Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture, vol. 2001(16), October.
    2. Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA), 2001. "COMUNIICA No. 17," Comuniica Magazine, Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture, vol. 2001(17), December.
    3. Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA), 2001. "COMUNIICA No. 15," Comuniica Magazine, Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture, vol. 2001(15), April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Wu, Gang & Wei, Yi-Ming & Fan, Ying & Liu, Lan-Cui, 2007. "An empirical analysis of the risk of crude oil imports in China using improved portfolio approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(8), pages 4190-4199, August.
    2. Vivoda, Vlado, 2010. "Evaluating energy security in the Asia-Pacific region: A novel methodological approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(9), pages 5258-5263, September.
    3. Olufolajimi Oke & Daniel Huppmann & Max Marshall & Ricky Poulton & Sauleh Siddiqui, 2019. "Multimodal Transportation Flows in Energy Networks with an Application to Crude Oil Markets," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 19(2), pages 521-555, June.
    4. Olufolajimi Oke & Daniel Huppmann & Max Marshall & Ricky Poulton & Sauleh Siddiqui, 2016. "Mitigating Environmental and Public-Safety Risks of United States Crude-by-Rail Transport," Discussion Papers of DIW Berlin 1575, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    5. Wu, Gang & Liu, Lan-Cui & Wei, Yi-Ming, 2009. "Comparison of China's oil import risk: Results based on portfolio theory and a diversification index approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(9), pages 3557-3565, September.
    6. Siqi Li & Rongrong Li, 2017. "Energy Sustainability Evaluation Model Based on the Matter-Element Extension Method: A Case Study of Shandong Province, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(11), pages 1-9, November.
    7. Sinha, Avik, 2017. "Examination of oil import-exchange nexus for India after currency crisis," MPRA Paper 100359, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2017.
    8. Javed Anwar, 2014. "The Role of Renewable Energy Supply and Carbon Tax in the Improvement of Energy Security: A Case Study of Pakistan," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 53(4), pages 347-370.
    9. Edwards, Joel & Othman, Maazuza & Burn, Stewart, 2015. "A review of policy drivers and barriers for the use of anaerobic digestion in Europe, the United States and Australia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 815-828.
    10. Zhou, Li & Liao, Zuwei & Wang, Jingdai & Jiang, Binbo & Yang, Yongrong & Du, Wenli, 2015. "Energy configuration and operation optimization of refinery fuel gas networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 365-375.
    11. Vivoda, Vlado, 2009. "Diversification of oil import sources and energy security: A key strategy or an elusive objective?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(11), pages 4615-4623, November.
    12. Sato, Masahiro & Kharrazi, Ali & Nakayama, Hirofumi & Kraines, Steven & Yarime, Masaru, 2017. "Quantifying the supplier-portfolio diversity of embodied energy: Strategic implications for strengthening energy resilience," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 41-52.

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