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Estimating smart energy inputs packages using hybrid optimisation technique to mitigate environmental emissions of commercial fish farms

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  • Elahi, Ehsan
  • Khalid, Zainab

Abstract

The current study uses a hybrid optimization technique (ANN and DEA) to estimate smart energy input packages to reduce the environmental emissions of fish farms. In 2021, enumerators visited polyculture fish farms in Pakistan and interviewed 216 farmers using a well-structured questionnaire. The results showed that energy consumption and production were 1,11,493 and 54,62,643 MJ per farm, respectively. ANN determined that the emitted 8,323.57 tons of CO2eq per farm could be reduced to 6,403.39 tons of CO2eq. At a given level of farm output, nitrogen, diesel fuel, and electricity consumption were reduced by 31 %, 22 %, and 13 %, respectively. Using the smart energy input packages, the fish farm achieved a 23 % drop in environmental emissions and a 20 % improvement in energy use efficiency. A sensitivity analysis revealed that the energy production of fish farming increased significantly by 2.22, 0.83, 0.26, 0.09 and 1.14 units, respectively, with an increase of one-unit labor, juvenile fish, diesel fuel, electricity and green grass. While the energy output of carp was significantly decreased by 0.43, 1.64, and 0.13 units, with a 1 unit increase in the energy from mixed powder, animal manure, and nitrogen, respectively. Therefore, this study recommends using targeted energy inputs and substituting diesel fuel with green energy to reduce the environmental emissions of fish farms.

Suggested Citation

  • Elahi, Ehsan & Khalid, Zainab, 2022. "Estimating smart energy inputs packages using hybrid optimisation technique to mitigate environmental emissions of commercial fish farms," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 326(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:326:y:2022:i:c:s0306261922009096
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119602
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