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Flexible operation of switchable chlor-alkali electrolysis for demand side management

Author

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  • Roh, Kosan
  • Brée, Luisa C.
  • Perrey, Karen
  • Bulan, Andreas
  • Mitsos, Alexander

Abstract

Flexible operation of chlor-alkali electrolysis is a novel strategy for minimizing electricity costs in electricity markets with volatile prices. We recently proposed an operation strategy to adjust the process to electricity price profiles by varying the load and by switching the operation between two different modes (Brée et al., 2019). This flexible operation leads to savings in operating costs but to increased capital investment due to retrofitting for overcapacity and/or switchable operation. Here, we solve an optimization problem which determines optimal operation and (if necessary) oversizing of the switchable chlor-alkali process. This optimization allows analyzing the electricity utilization as well as economic potential of the flexible operation. To arrive at the optimum in reasonable computation time, we use a piecewise linear model for the power demand calculation. Moreover, we use a decomposition algorithm based on the golden-section search of the complicating variable representing oversizing. We show that the flexible operation is capable of reducing electricity utilization as well as costs. Higher savings in the operating costs can be gained with a stronger electricity price fluctuation, a larger operational margin, a bigger chlorine storage tank, and lower capital investment for retrofitting. Lastly, electrolyzer lifetime reduction due to the flexible operation somewhat increases investment costs and thus slightly diminishes cost savings.

Suggested Citation

  • Roh, Kosan & Brée, Luisa C. & Perrey, Karen & Bulan, Andreas & Mitsos, Alexander, 2019. "Flexible operation of switchable chlor-alkali electrolysis for demand side management," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:255:y:2019:i:c:s0306261919315673
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113880
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Alla Toktarova & Lisa Göransson & Filip Johnsson, 2021. "Design of Clean Steel Production with Hydrogen: Impact of Electricity System Composition," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-21, December.
    2. Klaucke, Franziska & Hoffmann, Christian & Hofmann, Mathias & Tsatsaronis, George, 2020. "Impact of the chlorine value chain on the demand response potential of the chloralkali process," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    3. Nicolai Lystbæk & Mikkel Gregersen & Hamid Reza Shaker, 2023. "Review of Energy Portfolio Optimization in Energy Markets Considering Flexibility of Power-to-X," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-17, March.
    4. Krunalkumar Thummar & Roger Abang & Katharina Menzel & Matheus Theodorus de Groot, 2022. "Coupling a Chlor-Alkali Membrane Electrolyzer Cell to a Wind Energy Source: Dynamic Modeling and Simulations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-26, January.
    5. Lerch, Philipp & Scheller, Fabian & Reichelt, David G. & Menzel, Katharina & Bruckner, Thomas, 2024. "Electricity cost and CO2 savings potential for chlor-alkali electrolysis plants: Benefits of electricity price dependent demand response," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 355(C).
    6. Weiss, Robert & Ikäheimo, Jussi, 2024. "Flexible industrial power-to-X production enabling large-scale wind power integration: A case study of future hydrogen direct reduction iron production in Finland," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 365(C).
    7. Jens Baetens & Jeroen D. M. De Kooning & Greet Van Eetvelde & Lieven Vandevelde, 2020. "A Two-Stage Stochastic Optimisation Methodology for the Operation of a Chlor-Alkali Electrolyser under Variable DAM and FCR Market Prices," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-19, October.

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