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Designed experiments to characterize PEMFC material properties and performance

Author

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  • Flick, Sarah
  • Schwager, Maximilian
  • McCarthy, Edward
  • Mérida, Walter

Abstract

We report on using Design of Experiments (DoE) methods to study the influence of the gas diffusion layer (GDL) material on Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) performance. We applied DoE methods to discern and quantify the effect of a micro-porous layer (MPL) for the first time. Two full factorial split-plot designs were used based on six operating parameters, namely anode stoichiometry, cathode stoichiometry, temperature, anode inlet relative humidity and cathode inlet relative humidity and gas pressure and a categorical factor, the GDL type. The cell voltage and cathode pressure drop are the responses, measured and modeled under galvanostatic control at current densities of 1.0Acm−2, 1.4Acm−2 and 1.6Acm−2. The results of this work demonstrate the use of DoE to assess the differences and parameter dependencies of different materials in the GDL of PEMFC. Statistical tests to identify the performance-determining parameters and parameter dependencies were conducted. For all current densities the type of GDL material, temperature, and the interaction between these two factors had the most impact on the voltage. The cell with an MPL showed voltage changes of 0.1V when navigating the design space of temperatures from 40°C to 75°C and cathode stoichiometries from 1.5 to 3. The voltage of the cell without MPL had a strong dependence on temperature indicated by large voltage changes of 0.4V over the temperature range of 40–75°C.

Suggested Citation

  • Flick, Sarah & Schwager, Maximilian & McCarthy, Edward & Mérida, Walter, 2014. "Designed experiments to characterize PEMFC material properties and performance," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 135-146.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:129:y:2014:i:c:p:135-146
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2014.05.009
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Hasheminasab, M. & Kermani, M.J. & Nourazar, S.S. & Khodsiani, M.H., 2020. "A novel experimental based statistical study for water management in proton exchange membrane fuel cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    2. Liu, Ze & Xu, Sichuan & Zhao, Honghui & Wang, Yupeng, 2022. "Durability estimation and short-term voltage degradation forecasting of vehicle PEMFC system: Development and evaluation of machine learning models," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 326(C).
    3. Giugno, Andrea & Mantelli, Luca & Cuneo, Alessandra & Traverso, Alberto, 2020. "Performance analysis of a fuel cell hybrid system subject to technological uncertainties," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    4. Shahgaldi, Samaneh & Alaefour, Ibrahim & Li, Xianguo, 2018. "The impact of short side chain ionomer on polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell performance and durability," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C), pages 295-302.
    5. Zuo, Jian & Lv, Hong & Zhou, Daming & Xue, Qiong & Jin, Liming & Zhou, Wei & Yang, Daijun & Zhang, Cunman, 2021. "Deep learning based prognostic framework towards proton exchange membrane fuel cell for automotive application," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    6. Boyacı San, Fatma Gül & İyigün Karadağ, Çiğdem & Okur, Osman & Okumuş, Emin, 2016. "Optimization of the catalyst loading for the direct borohydride fuel cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 214-224.
    7. Laoun, Brahim & Kasat, Harshal A. & Ahmad, Riaz & Kannan, Arunachala M., 2018. "Gas diffusion layer development using design of experiments for the optimization of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 689-695.
    8. Vasile, Nicolò S. & Doherty, Ronan & Monteverde Videla, Alessandro H.A. & Specchia, Stefania, 2016. "3D multi-physics modeling of a gas diffusion electrode for oxygen reduction reaction for electrochemical energy conversion in PEM fuel cells," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 435-450.
    9. Tzelepis, Stefanos & Kavadias, Kosmas A. & Marnellos, George E. & Xydis, George, 2021. "A review study on proton exchange membrane fuel cell electrochemical performance focusing on anode and cathode catalyst layer modelling at macroscopic level," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).

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