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Runoff water harvesting for dry spell mitigation for cowpea in the savannah belt of Nigeria

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  • Adekalu, K.O.
  • Balogun, J.A.
  • Aluko, O.B.
  • Okunade, D.A.
  • J.W.Gowing
  • Faborode, M.O.

Abstract

Cowpea yields obtained by smallholder farmers in the savannah belt of Nigeria are often less than the maximum obtainable yields because water deficit during critical growth stages is a common occurrence. Runoff harvesting to supplement direct rainfall may prove beneficial in improving current smallholder farming systems in this region. We study the effects of macro- and micro-catchments runoff harvesting, with or without in situ soil conservation, on cowpea yield in the savannah belt of Nigeria. The macro-catchments runoff harvesting (RH) experiment consisted of four treatments: conventional tillage and RH (CRH), zero tillage with RH (ZRH), reduced tillage with RH (RRH) and the direct rain fed (DR) treatment which served as the control in a randomized block design with four replicates. The micro-catchment experiment consisted of four treatments: runoff harvesting (RH), semi-circular bunds (SC), semi-circular bunds with runoff harvesting (SRH) and also direct rainfed (DR) in a randomized block design with four replicates. Results suggest that runoff harvesting can be used with existing conservation techniques. Applying harvested runoff water through supplemental irrigation provides the twin benefits of alleviating the prevailing slack periods and improving the yields of smallholder farming systems.

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  • Adekalu, K.O. & Balogun, J.A. & Aluko, O.B. & Okunade, D.A. & J.W.Gowing & Faborode, M.O., 2009. "Runoff water harvesting for dry spell mitigation for cowpea in the savannah belt of Nigeria," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 96(11), pages 1502-1508, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:96:y:2009:i:11:p:1502-1508
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    1. Barron, Jennie & Okwach, George, 2005. "Run-off water harvesting for dry spell mitigation in maize (Zea mays L.): results from on-farm research in semi-arid Kenya," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 74(1), pages 1-21, May.
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    4. Daniel Kyalo Willy & Arnim Kuhn, 2016. "Technology Adoption Under Variable Weather Conditions — The Case of Rain Water Harvesting in Lake Naivasha Basin, Kenya," Water Economics and Policy (WEP), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 2(02), pages 1-25, June.
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    6. Kiboi, M.N. & Ngetich, K.F. & Fliessbach, A. & Muriuki, A. & Mugendi, D.N., 2019. "Soil fertility inputs and tillage influence on maize crop performance and soil water content in the Central Highlands of Kenya," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 217(C), pages 316-331.
    7. Takeshima, Hiroyuki & Adeoti, Adetola I. & Okoli, Silas & Salau, Sheu & Rhoe, Valerie, 2010. "Demand characteristics for small-scale private irrigation technologies: Knowledge gaps in Nigeria," NSSP working papers 18, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    8. Boini Narsimlu & J. V. N. S. Prasad & A. Amarender Reddy & Gajjala Ravindra Chary & Kodigal A. Gopinath & K. B. Sridhar & J. K. Balyan & Anil K. Kothari & Vinod Kumar Singh, 2024. "Catchment Storage Command Relationship for Sustainable Rainfed Agriculture in the Semi-Arid Regions of Rajasthan, India," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-21, May.
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