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Sugarcane growth and yield responses to a 3-month summer flood

Author

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  • Gilbert, R.A.
  • Rainbolt, C.R.
  • Morris, D.R.
  • McCray, J.M.

Abstract

Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) in south Florida is often subjected to flooding due to interacting effects of soil subsidence, pumping restrictions, and tropical storms. While there has been considerable research on the response of sugarcane cultivars to high water tables and periodic flooding, there is a lack of information on commercial cultivar yield response to long-term flooding. An experiment was established in Belle Glade, FL to examine the effect of a 3-month summer flood (JulySeptember) on the growth and yield of cultivars CP 80-1743 and CP 72-2086 during the plant cane (2003) and second ratoon (2005) crop. Harvest samples were taken early-, mid-, and late-season. Flooding sugarcane in the summer caused sequentially greater yield reductions throughout the harvest season in plant cane. Sucrose yields for flooded cane, compared with the non-flooded control, were 9.6 t sucrose ha?1 versus 11.7 t sucrose ha?1 early, 9.2 t sucrose ha?1 versus 12.8 t sucrose ha?1 mid-season and 7.8 t sucrose ha?1 versus 12.3 t sucrose ha?1 at late harvest. In the second ratoon crop, flooding reduced sugarcane tonnage and sucrose yield by 5464% across sampling dates, and preliminary results indicated that flooding reduced leaf nutrient content by 1078%. Yield reductions due to flooding in both crops were attributed more to reduced tonnage rather than sucrose content. CP 72-2086 yielded 1828% greater sucrose than CP 80-1743 when harvested late. However the flood × cultivar interaction was not significant as both cultivars recorded similar yield reductions under flooded conditions. Our results identified severe yield losses caused by a 3-month summer flood in these cultivars, particularly in ratoon crops. Strategies to increase summer on-farm water storage in Florida should focus on short-duration periodic flooding rather than long-term flooding.

Suggested Citation

  • Gilbert, R.A. & Rainbolt, C.R. & Morris, D.R. & McCray, J.M., 2008. "Sugarcane growth and yield responses to a 3-month summer flood," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 95(3), pages 283-291, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:95:y:2008:i:3:p:283-291
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chabot, Rosanne & Bouarfa, Sami & Zimmer, Daniel & Chaumont, Cedric & Duprez, Cedric, 2002. "Sugarcane transpiration with shallow water-table: sap flow measurements and modelling," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 54(1), pages 17-36, March.
    2. Rice, Ronald W. & Izuno, Forrest T. & Garcia, Raymond M., 2002. "Phosphorus load reductions under best management practices for sugarcane cropping systems in the Everglades Agricultural Area," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 56(1), pages 17-39, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sajid, Osama & Bevis, Leah E.M., 2021. "Flooding and child health: Evidence from Pakistan," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).
    2. Verma, Amit Kumar & Garg, Pradeep Kumar & Prasad, K.S. Hari & Dadhwal, Vinay Kumar, 2023. "Variety-specific sugarcane yield simulations and climate change impacts on sugarcane yield using DSSAT-CSM-CANEGRO model," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    3. Chau, Vu Ngoc & Cassells, Sue M. & Holland, John, 2014. "Measuring direct losses to rice production from extreme flood events in Quang Nam province, Vietnam," 2014 Conference (58th), February 4-7, 2014, Port Macquarie, Australia 165813, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society.
    4. Md Shahinoor Rahman & Liping Di, 2020. "A Systematic Review on Case Studies of Remote-Sensing-Based Flood Crop Loss Assessment," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-30, April.
    5. Allen, Leon Hartwell Jr. & Vu, Joseph C. V. & Anderson, Joan C. & Ray, Jeffery D., 2008. "Impact of Elevated Carbon Dioxide and Temperature on Fresh Weight and Sugar Yield of Sugar Cane," 44th Annual Meeting, July 13-17, 2008, Miami, Florida, USA 256445, Caribbean Food Crops Society.
    6. Alexander J. Miller & Mauricio E. Arias & Sergio Alvarez, 2021. "Built environment and agricultural value at risk from Hurricane Irma flooding in Florida (USA)," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 109(2), pages 1327-1348, November.

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