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Evaluation of the AquaCrop model for winter wheat under different irrigation optimization strategies at the downstream Kabul River Basin of Afghanistan

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  • Jalil, Atiqurrahman
  • Akhtar, Fazlullah
  • Awan, Usman Khalid

Abstract

Afghanistan has an arid to semi-arid climate where irrigated agriculture largely depends on scarce irrigation water supplies from snowmelt from the high raised mountains. Under growing water scarcity, farmers not only need to use the available water more wisely but have to develop alternative options for coping water scarcity. Deficit irrigation schedule can be one of the options to mitigate the adverse impacts of water scarcity on crop production. In the current study, FAO’s crop water productivity model (AquaCrop) was calibrated and validated with field data in Kabul River Basin (KRB) for wheat crop to simulate four different water scarcity scenarios (S-A: business-as-usual scenario, S-B: refilling the soil profile to field capacity upon 50 % water depletion, S-C: refilling the soil profile upon 100 % depletion and S-D: refilling the soil profile upon 130 % depletion occurrence) for resultant yield, water productivity (WP) and biomass production. Two wheat fields, namely A and B were monitored intensively for soil moisture content, meteorological situation, irrigation application and post-harvest data. Results show that the measured WP was 1.4 kg m−3 ETa and 1.5 kg m−3 ETa whereas, the actual (measured) water use efficiency (WUE) was 0.58 kg m−3 and 0.66 kg m−3 for Field A and Field B, respectively. The WP of the scenarios S-A, S-B, S-C and S-D was 2.0-2.1 kg m−3 ETa (for plot B and A), 2.5 kg m−3 ETa, 2.74 kg m−3 ETa and 2.8 kg m−3 ETa respectively. Similarly, yield under these scenarios was 6.4 ton ha−1, 8.7 ton ha−1, 7.4 ton ha−1and 6.7 ton ha−1 respectively while the above ground biomass was 21.3 ton ha−1, 21.8 ton ha−1, 19 ton ha−1 and 18.3 ton ha−1 respectively. As a consequence, WP could increase by 92.8 %, 78 % and 95 % in S-B, S-C and S-D, respectively with reference to the measured WP. The optimized scenarios developed in this study can provide guidelines for policy makers and farming communities to mitigate the adverse impact of water scarcity through such innovative interventions.

Suggested Citation

  • Jalil, Atiqurrahman & Akhtar, Fazlullah & Awan, Usman Khalid, 2020. "Evaluation of the AquaCrop model for winter wheat under different irrigation optimization strategies at the downstream Kabul River Basin of Afghanistan," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:240:y:2020:i:c:s0378377420304558
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106321
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fazlullah Akhtar & Bernhard Tischbein & Usman Awan, 2013. "Optimizing Deficit Irrigation Scheduling Under Shallow Groundwater Conditions in Lower Reaches of Amu Darya River Basin," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 27(8), pages 3165-3178, June.
    2. Rijsberman, Frank R., 2006. "Water scarcity: Fact or fiction?," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 80(1-3), pages 5-22, February.
    3. Andarzian, B. & Bannayan, M. & Steduto, P. & Mazraeh, H. & Barati, M.E. & Barati, M.A. & Rahnama, A., 2011. "Validation and testing of the AquaCrop model under full and deficit irrigated wheat production in Iran," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 100(1), pages 1-8.
    4. Abi Saab, Marie Therese & Todorovic, Mladen & Albrizio, Rossella, 2015. "Comparing AquaCrop and CropSyst models in simulating barley growth and yield under different water and nitrogen regimes. Does calibration year influence the performance of crop growth models?," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 21-33.
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    1. Yunfeng Li & Quanqing Feng & Dongwei Li & Mingfa Li & Huifeng Ning & Qisheng Han & Abdoul Kader Mounkaila Hamani & Yang Gao & Jingsheng Sun, 2022. "Water-Salt Thresholds of Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.) under Film Drip Irrigation in Arid Saline-Alkali Area," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-21, October.
    2. Wang, Haidong & Cheng, Minghui & Liao, Zhenqi & Guo, Jinjin & Zhang, Fucang & Fan, Junliang & Feng, Hao & Yang, Qiliang & Wu, Lifeng & Wang, Xiukang, 2023. "Performance evaluation of AquaCrop and DSSAT-SUBSTOR-Potato models in simulating potato growth, yield and water productivity under various drip fertigation regimes," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    3. Karimi Avargani, Habib & Hashemy Shahdany, S. Mehdy & Hashemi Garmdareh, S. Ebrahim & Liaghat, Abdolmajid & Guan, Guanghua & Behzadi, Farhad & Milan, Sami Ghordoyee & Berndtsson, Ronny, 2023. "Operational loss estimation in irrigation canals by integrating hydraulic simulation and crop growth modeling," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    4. Omaid Najmuddin & Faisal Mueen Qamer & Habib Gul & Weiqing Zhuang & Fan Zhang, 2021. "Cropland use preferences under land, water and labour constraints— implications for wheat self-sufficiency in the Kabul River basin, Afghanistan," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 13(4), pages 955-979, August.

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