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Effects of application timing of saline irrigation water on broccoli production and quality

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  • Di Gioia, Francesco
  • Rosskopf, Erin N.
  • Leonardi, Cherubino
  • Giuffrida, Francesco

Abstract

Irrigation with moderately saline water is a necessity in many semi-arid areas of the Mediterranean Basin, and requires adequate irrigation management strategies. Broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica), a crop moderately sensitive to salinity stress, was used to evaluate the effects of the application of saline (S) and non-saline (NS) irrigation water during two growth phases in terms of plant growth, water status, floret yield, glucosinolate profile, and quality. Use of S-water (4 dS m−1) from transplanting to appearance of the inflorescence, alternated with NS-water (2 dS m−1) from inflorescence appearance to harvest and vice versa were compared with continuous use of S- or NS-water. Irrigation with S-water during the first growth-phase decreased leaf water and osmotic potential, net CO2 assimilation rate, and favoured Na+ and Cl− accumulation at toxic levels causing ion imbalances and reducing broccoli plant growth. Application of S-water exclusively after inflorescence appearance caused a 22.2% decrease of the head dry biomass compared to NS-NS plants. Regardless of application timing, irrigation with S-water decreased broccoli yield and head mean fresh weight compared to NS-NS plants by 20% and 24%, respectively. Use of S-water in one or both growth stages improved broccoli dry matter and soluble solid content, while had no impact on total glucosinolate concentration. However, application of S-water during the first growth-phase resulted in an increase of indolic glucosinolates (glucobrassicin and neoglucobrassicin) and potential effects on broccoli nutritional properties and flavour.

Suggested Citation

  • Di Gioia, Francesco & Rosskopf, Erin N. & Leonardi, Cherubino & Giuffrida, Francesco, 2018. "Effects of application timing of saline irrigation water on broccoli production and quality," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 97-104.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:203:y:2018:i:c:p:97-104
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2018.01.004
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Baath, Gurjinder S. & Shukla, Manoj K. & Bosland, Paul W. & Steiner, Robert L. & Walker, Stephanie J., 2017. "Irrigation water salinity influences at various growth stages of Capsicum annuum," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 246-253.
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    3. María José Delgado-Iniesta & Aldara Girona-Ruíz & Antonio Sánchez-Navarro, 2023. "Agro-Ecological Impact of Irrigation and Nutrient Management on Spinach ( Spinacia oleracea L.) Grown in Semi-Arid Conditions," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-20, January.
    4. Rajesh Kumar Soothar & Wenying Zhang & Binhui Liu & Moussa Tankari & Chao Wang & Li Li & Huanli Xing & Daozhi Gong & Yaosheng Wang, 2019. "Sustaining Yield of Winter Wheat under Alternate Irrigation Using Saline Water at Different Growth Stages: A Case Study in the North China Plain," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(17), pages 1-16, August.

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