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La transición epidemiológica en América Latina

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  • Bobadilla, José Luis
  • Frenk, Julio
  • Lozano Ascencio, Rafael

Abstract

Los principales mecanismos involucrados en la transición epidemiológica dicen relación con cambios en los factores de riesgo, disminución de la fecundidad y avances en la tecnología médica. Cinco son los atributos que caracterizan las experiencias de la transición epidemiológica, en el marco de niveles distintos de modernización: cambios en la estructura por edad de la mortalidad, cambios en las principales causas de muerte, duración y temporalidad de los cambios, distribución social de los perfiles de salud y secuencia de las eras de la transición. El análisis empírico se basa en la estimación de la razón del perfil de mortalidad, que se obtiene dividiendo la tasa de mortalidad por enfermedades infecciosas y parasitarias por la tasa de mortalidad debida a enfermedades cardiovasculares y neoplasias. La comparación de las razones para 15 países permiten agruparlos en 3 grupos con experiencias transicionales distintas.

Suggested Citation

  • Bobadilla, José Luis & Frenk, Julio & Lozano Ascencio, Rafael, 1994. "La transición epidemiológica en América Latina," Notas de Población, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), December.
    • Handle: RePEc:ecr:col071:12808
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    1. Jamison, D.T. & Mosley, W.H., 1991. "Disease control priorities in developing countries: Health policy responses to epidemiological change," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 81(1), pages 15-22.
    2. Chackiel, Juan, 1987. "La investigación sobre causas de muerte en la América Latina," Notas de Población, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), August.
    3. -, 1990. "Factores sociales de riesgo de muerte en la infancia: los casos Costa Rica, Honduras y Paraguay," Series Históricas 9156, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
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    1. Cutler, David M. & Knaul, Felicia & Lozano, Rafael & Mendez, Oscar & Zurita, Beatriz, 2002. "Financial crisis, health outcomes and ageing: Mexico in the 1980s and 1990s," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 84(2), pages 279-303, May.

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