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Social and economic problems in Cuba during the crisis and subsequent recovery

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  • Mesa-Lago, Carmelo

Abstract

Up to 1989, social policy in Cuba achieved very notable advances in education, health, social security, employment and income distribution. The collapse of the socialist bloc and other internal and external factors, however, gave rise to a severe crisis, which reached its bottom in 1993 and led to a deterioration in almost all the social indicators. The modest market-oriented reforms introduced in 1993-1996 generated a partial recovery but were later interrupted and have been reversed since 2003. The social indicators improved after 1994, but in 2003 some of them had still not regained their 1989 levels and poverty and inequality had increased. This article evaluates the economic and especially the social evolution of Cuba between 1989 and 2004, on the basis of Cuban statistics and publications, ECLAC documents, and a recent study of economic and social aspects in 1997-2002 jointly published by ECLAC, the National Economic Research Institute of Cuba, and the United Nations Development Programme./

Suggested Citation

  • Mesa-Lago, Carmelo, 2005. "Social and economic problems in Cuba during the crisis and subsequent recovery," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), August.
    • Handle: RePEc:ecr:col070:11099
    Note: Includes bibliography
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    File URL: http://repositorio.cepal.org/handle/11362/11099
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    1. Dhaynaut, Béatrice & Máttar, Jorge, 2004. "Conclusiones generales y perspectivas," Sede Subregional de la CEPAL en México (Estudios e Investigaciones) 25673, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    2. -, 2003. "Preliminary Overview of the Economies of Latin America and the Caribbean 2003," Balance Preliminar de las Economías de América Latina y el Caribe, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), number 960 edited by Eclac.
    3. -, 2000. "Preliminary Overview of the Economies of Latin America and the Caribbean 2000," Balance Preliminar de las Economías de América Latina y el Caribe, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), number 952 edited by Eclac.
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    Cited by:

    1. Henrik Brønnum-Hansen & Juan Carlos Albizu-Campos Espiñeira & Camila Perera & Ingelise Andersen, 2023. "Trends in mortality patterns in two countries with different welfare models: comparisons between Cuba and Denmark 1955–2020," Journal of Population Research, Springer, vol. 40(2), pages 1-28, June.
    2. Carmelo Mesa-Lago, 2009. "Economic and Social Balance of 50 Years of Cuban Revolution," Annual Proceedings, The Association for the Study of the Cuban Economy, vol. 19.
    3. Elisa Botella-Rodríguez, 2014. "Success and failures of inward-looking development in Cuba (1990-2008): opportunities and problems for small farmers," Documentos de Trabajo de la Sociedad de Estudios de Historia Agraria 1406, Sociedad de Estudios de Historia Agraria.
    4. Laura J. Enríquez, 2010. "The Cuban alternative to neoliberalism," International Journal of Development Issues, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 9(2), pages 92-112, July.

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