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Evaluación de un cuarto de siglo de reformas estructurales de pensiones en América Latina

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  • Mesa-Lago, Carmelo

Abstract

El artículo hace una descripción comparativa de tres diferentes modelos generales de reforma estructural de pensiones aplicados en 12 países latinoamericanos y examina conceptos clave. En su parte medular, analiza y sugiere políticas ante los 11 desafíos que enfrentan dichas reformas: la caída en la cobertura de la fuerza laboral, el creciente incumplimiento del pago de las cotizaciones, las fallas en la competencia entre las administradoras, el alto y sostenido costo administrativo, la acumulación de capital pero la falta de evidencia de que esto haya tenido un impacto positivo en el ahorro nacional, el alto y prolongado costo fiscal de la transición, el posible desarrollo del mercado de capitales pero la falta de diversificación de la cartera de inversiones, el variable rendimiento real de la inversión, la falta de evidencia de que el monto de la pensión en el sistema privado sea mayor que en el público, la acentuación de la inequidad de género, y la erosión de la solidaridad.

Suggested Citation

  • Mesa-Lago, Carmelo, 2004. "Evaluación de un cuarto de siglo de reformas estructurales de pensiones en América Latina," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), December.
    • Handle: RePEc:ecr:col070:10977
    Note: Incluye Bibliografía
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    File URL: http://repositorio.cepal.org/handle/11362/10977
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Titelman, Daniel & Vera, Cecilia & Perez Caldentey, Esteban, 2008. "The Latin American experience in pension system reform: Coverage, fiscal issues and possible implications for China," MPRA Paper 13730, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Lillian Marlen Centeno Cruz & Pilar Campoy Muñoz & Gerardo Ángeles Castro, 2019. "Impacto económico de alternativas de inversión para el sistema de pensiones en México. (Economic impact assessment of alternative investment scenarios for pension funds in Mexico)," Ensayos Revista de Economia, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Facultad de Economia, vol. 0(1), pages 87-134, May.
    3. David Tuesta, 2011. "A review of the pension systems in Latin America," Working Papers 1115, BBVA Bank, Economic Research Department.
    4. Nancy Quinceno Cárdenas, 2014. "Modelación basada en agentes en el sistema pensional colombiano. Una aproximación desde el mercado laboral y la dinámica poblacional," Revista CIFE, Universidad Santo Tomás, September.
    5. Fischer, Ronald & Gonzalez, Pablo & Serra, Pablo, 2006. "Does competition in privatized social services work? The Chilean Experience," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 34(4), pages 647-664, April.
    6. Daniele Franco (editor), 2010. "Pension reform, fiscal policy and economic performance," Workshop and Conferences 3, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    7. Bertranou, Fabio & Calvo, Esteban & Bertranou, Evelina, 2010. "¿Está Latinoamérica alejándose de las cuentas individuales de pensiones? [Is Latin America Retreating from Individual Retirement Accounts?]," MPRA Paper 48751, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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