IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eco/journ2/2023-03-13.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Causal Relation between Energy Consumption, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Macroeconomic Variables in Somalia

Author

Listed:
  • Zakarie Abdi Warsame

    (Faculty of Economics, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Somalia; & Kasmo Institute for Technology, Logistics and Economics Research (KITLER), Somalia.)

  • Maria Mohamed Ali

    (Faculty of Economics, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Somalia,)

  • Liban Bile Mohamed

    (Somalia National Bureau of Statistics, Somalia)

  • Farhia Hassan Mohamed

    (Faculty of Economics, SIMAD University, Mogadishu, Somalia,)

Abstract

This study investigated the relationship between energy consumption, carbon dioxide emissions, and macroeconomic variables in Somalia with data spanning from 1990 to 2019 using ARDL model. The study found a negative long-run relationship between carbon dioxide emissions and energy consumption in Somalia, suggesting that improving access to clean energy can reduce the gradual rise of carbon dioxide emissions. The study also found that rising industrial value-added had a significant positive impact on energy consumption. Furthermore, findings from Cholesky's variance decomposition showed that 13.13% of future fluctuations in energy consumption are due to shocks in carbon dioxide emission, 33.63% of future fluctuations in carbon dioxide emissions are due to shocks in energy consumption, 40.63% of future fluctuations in industrialization are due to shocks in energy consumption and 41.23% of future fluctuations in population are due to shocks in energy consumption. There was evidence of a bidirectional causality between: energy consumption and population. The study suggests adding renewable energy technologies to the energy portfolio. This would help reduce reliance on unstable energy sources and reduce the chance that changes in commodity prices will interrupt the energy supply, which eventually would help reduce the effects of climate change.

Suggested Citation

  • Zakarie Abdi Warsame & Maria Mohamed Ali & Liban Bile Mohamed & Farhia Hassan Mohamed, 2023. "The Causal Relation between Energy Consumption, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Macroeconomic Variables in Somalia," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 13(3), pages 102-110, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:eco:journ2:2023-03-13
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.econjournals.com/index.php/ijeep/article/download/14262/7286
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.econjournals.com/index.php/ijeep/article/view/14262
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shahbaz, Muhammad & Lean, Hooi Hooi, 2012. "Does financial development increase energy consumption? The role of industrialization and urbanization in Tunisia," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 473-479.
    2. Akihiro Otsuka, 2018. "Population Agglomeration and Residential Energy Consumption: Evidence from Japan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-12, February.
    3. Dong, Kangyin & Hochman, Gal & Zhang, Yaqing & Sun, Renjin & Li, Hui & Liao, Hua, 2018. "CO2 emissions, economic and population growth, and renewable energy: Empirical evidence across regions," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 180-192.
    4. Warsame, Abdimalik Ali & Sheik-Ali, Ibrahim Abdukadir & Mohamed, Jama & Sarkodie, Samuel Asumadu, 2022. "Renewables and institutional quality mitigate environmental degradation in Somalia," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 1184-1191.
    5. Peter Boswijk, H., 1994. "Testing for an unstable root in conditional and structural error correction models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 63(1), pages 37-60, July.
    6. Nestor Shpak & Solomiya Ohinok & Ihor Kulyniak & Włodzimierz Sroka & Yuriy Fedun & Romualdas Ginevičius & Joanna Cygler, 2022. "CO 2 Emissions and Macroeconomic Indicators: Analysis of the Most Polluted Regions in the World," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-22, April.
    7. Anindya Banerjee & Juan Dolado & Ricardo Mestre, 1998. "Error‐correction Mechanism Tests for Cointegration in a Single‐equation Framework," Journal of Time Series Analysis, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 19(3), pages 267-283, May.
    8. Rafindadi, Abdulkadir Abdulrashid & Ozturk, Ilhan, 2015. "Natural gas consumption and economic growth nexus: Is the 10th Malaysian plan attainable within the limits of its resource?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 1221-1232.
    9. Ramphul Ohlan, 2015. "The impact of population density, energy consumption, economic growth and trade openness on CO 2 emissions in India," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 79(2), pages 1409-1428, November.
    10. Zakarie Abdi Warsame, 2023. "The Significance of FDI Inflow and Renewable Energy Consumption in Mitigating Environmental Degradation in Somalia," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 13(1), pages 443-453, January.
    11. Ozturk, Ilhan & Al-Mulali, Usama, 2015. "Natural gas consumption and economic growth nexus: Panel data analysis for GCC countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 998-1003.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jiang, Hongdian & Dong, Xiucheng & Jiang, Qingzhe & Dong, Kangyin, 2020. "What drives China's natural gas consumption? Analysis of national and regional estimates," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    2. Hussain Ali Bekhet & Nor Salwati Othman & Tahira Yasmin, 2020. "Interaction Between Environmental Kuznet Curve and Urban Environment Transition Hypotheses in Malaysia," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 10(1), pages 384-402.
    3. Muhammad Ahad & Adeel Ahmad Dar, 2018. "A Dynamic Relationship between Financial Development and Import Demand for Bangladesh: An Evidence from Combine Cointegration and Granger Causality Approach," Global Business Review, International Management Institute, vol. 19(3), pages 543-555, June.
    4. Shahbaz, Muhammad & Hoang, Thi Hong Van & Mahalik, Mantu Kumar & Roubaud, David, 2017. "Energy consumption, financial development and economic growth in India: New evidence from a nonlinear and asymmetric analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 199-212.
    5. Obsatar Sinaga & Mohd Haizam Mohd Saudi & Djoko Roespinoedji & Mohd Shahril Ahmad Razimi, 2019. "The Dynamic Relationship between Natural Gas and Economic Growth: Evidence from Indonesia," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 9(3), pages 388-394.
    6. Camgöz, Mevlüt & Topal, Mehmet Hanefi, 2022. "Identifying the asymmetric price dynamics of Islamic equities: Implications for international investors," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    7. Tomiwa Sunday Adebayo & Abraham Ayobamiji Awosusi & Seun Damola Oladipupo & Ephraim Bonah Agyekum & Arunkumar Jayakumar & Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar, 2021. "Dominance of Fossil Fuels in Japan’s National Energy Mix and Implications for Environmental Sustainability," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-20, July.
    8. Wang, Xiong & Wang, Xiao & Ren, Xiaohang & Wen, Fenghua, 2022. "Can digital financial inclusion affect CO2 emissions of China at the prefecture level? Evidence from a spatial econometric approach," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    9. Acheampong, Alex O., 2019. "Modelling for insight: Does financial development improve environmental quality?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 156-179.
    10. Muhammad Shahbaz & Hrushikesh Mallick & Mantu Kumar Mahalik & Shawkat Hammoudeh, 2018. "Is globalization detrimental to financial development? Further evidence from a very large emerging economy with significant orientation towards policies," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 50(6), pages 574-595, February.
    11. Wang, Zhen & Hu, Difei & Sami, Fariha & Uktamov, Khusniddin Fakhriddinovich, 2023. "Revisiting China's natural resources-growth-emissions nexus: Education expenditures and renewable energy innovation," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(PA).
    12. Ahmed Samour & Joshua Chukwuma Onwe & Nasiru Inuwa & Muhammad Imran, 2024. "Insurance market development, renewable energy, and environmental quality in the UAE: Novel findings from a bootstrap ARDL test," Energy & Environment, , vol. 35(2), pages 610-627, March.
    13. Xia, Wanjun & Murshed, Muntasir & Khan, Zeeshan & Chen, Zhenling & Ferraz, Diogo, 2022. "Exploring the nexus between fiscal decentralization and energy poverty for China: Does country risk matter for energy poverty reduction?," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    14. Muhammad Shahbaz & Faridul Islam & Muhammad Sabihuddin Butt, 2016. "Finance–Growth–Energy Nexus and the Role of Agriculture and Modern Sectors: Evidence from ARDL Bounds Test Approach to Cointegration in Pakistan," Global Business Review, International Management Institute, vol. 17(5), pages 1037-1059, October.
    15. Faisal Faisal & Ruqiya Pervaiz & Nesrin Ozatac & Turgut Tursoy, 2021. "Exploring the relationship between carbon dioxide emissions, urbanisation and financial deepening for Turkey using the symmetric and asymmetric causality approaches," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(12), pages 17374-17402, December.
    16. Ahmed Samour & Omar Ikbal Tawfik & Magdalena Radulescu & Cristina Florentina Baldan, 2023. "Do Oil Price, Renewable Energy, and Financial Development Matter for Environmental Quality in Oman? Novel Insights from Augmented ARDL Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-14, June.
    17. Debi P Bal & Badri N Rath, 2019. "Nonlinear causality between crude oil price and exchange rate: A comparative study of China and India - A Reassessment," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 39(1), pages 592-604.
    18. Hrushikesh Mallick & Mantu Kumar Mahalik & Hemachandra Padhan, 2020. "Does globalization exacerbate income inequality in two largest emerging economies? The role of FDI and remittances inflows," International Review of Economics, Springer;Happiness Economics and Interpersonal Relations (HEIRS), vol. 67(4), pages 443-480, December.
    19. Hongzhong Fan & Md Ismail Hossain & Mollah Aminul Islam & Yassin Elshain Yahia, 2019. "The Impact of Trade, Technology and Growth on Environmental Deterioration of China and India," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 9(1), pages 1-29, January.
    20. Shah, Syed Ale Raza & Zhang, Qianxiao & Abbas, Jaffar & Balsalobre-Lorente, Daniel & Pilař, Ladislav, 2023. "Technology, Urbanization and Natural Gas Supply Matter for Carbon Neutrality: A New Evidence of Environmental Sustainability under the Prism of COP26," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Energy consumption; Industrialization; Trade openness; Somalia; ARDL;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • P18 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Capitalist Economies - - - Energy; Environment
    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology
    • Q53 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Air Pollution; Water Pollution; Noise; Hazardous Waste; Solid Waste; Recycling

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eco:journ2:2023-03-13. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Ilhan Ozturk (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.econjournals.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.