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Imperfect Competition, Underemployment Equilibria and Fiscal Policy

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  • Pagano, Marco

Abstract

It is often claimed that the demand externality created by imperfect competition can provide an analytical basis for Keynesian fiscal policy prescriptions. Here this demand externality is embedded in a model of monopolistic competition where saving and employment are determined by optimizing choices. It turns out that underemployment equilibria do exist, that there is scope for fiscal intervention, but that Keynesian fiscal prescriptions are turned on their head. Thus, demand externalities among imperfect competitors do not provide a general theoretical basis for these prescriptions, unless supplemented by other deviations from the Walrasian standard in the labor or capital market. Copyright 1990 by Royal Economic Society.

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  • Pagano, Marco, 1990. "Imperfect Competition, Underemployment Equilibria and Fiscal Policy," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 100(401), pages 440-463, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:ecj:econjl:v:100:y:1990:i:401:p:440-63
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    1. Ulrich van Suntum, "undated". "The Purchasing Power Argument – Could Rising Wages Foster Employment?," Working Papers 200126, Institute of Spatial and Housing Economics, Munster Universitary.
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    3. John, A. & Pecchenino, R. & Schmmelpfennig, D. & Schreft, S., 1990. "External Increasing Returns , Short-Lived Agents and Long- Lived Waste," Papers 8903, Michigan State - Econometrics and Economic Theory.
    4. repec:ums:papers:2012-10 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Benassy, Jean-Pascal, 1993. "Nonclearing Markets: Microeconomic Concepts and Macroeconomic Applications," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 31(2), pages 732-761, June.
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    8. Bomfim, Antulio N & Diebold, Francis X, 1997. "Bonded Rationality and Strategic Complementarity in a Macroeconomic Model: Policy Effects, Persistence and Multipliers," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 107(444), pages 1358-1374, September.
    9. Skott Peter & Ryoo Soon, 2014. "Public debt in an OLG model with imperfect competition: long-run effects of austerity programs and changes in the growth rate," The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, De Gruyter, vol. 14(1), pages 533-552, January.
    10. Ramser, Hans Jürgen, 1992. "Nicht-kompetitive Gütermärkte im makroökonomischen Modell," Discussion Papers, Series I 263, University of Konstanz, Department of Economics.
    11. Emanuela Randon, "undated". "Multiple Equilibria with Externalities," Discussion Papers 04/09, Department of Economics, University of York.
    12. Daniel Francois Meyer & Precious Mncayi, 2021. "An Analysis of Underemployment among Young Graduates: The Case of a Higher Education Institution in South Africa," Economies, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-16, December.
    13. Alessandro Ferrari & Francisco Queirós, 2021. "Firm Heterogeneity, Market Power and Macroeconomic Fragility," CSEF Working Papers 627, Centre for Studies in Economics and Finance (CSEF), University of Naples, Italy.
    14. Amedeo Panci, 1999. "Multiple equilibria: coordination failure and endogenous cycle," Working Papers in Public Economics 30, Department of Economics and Law, Sapienza University of Roma.
    15. Pichelmann, Karl & Schuh, Andreas-Ulrich, 1996. "The NAIRU - Concept: A Few Remarks," Economics Series 36, Institute for Advanced Studies.
    16. Jürgen Jerger & Jochen Michaelis, 2003. "Wage Hikes as Supply and Demand Shock," Metroeconomica, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 54(4), pages 434-457, November.
    17. Partha Sen, 2009. "Fixed Costs, The Balanced Budget Multiplier And Welfare," The Japanese Economic Review, Japanese Economic Association, vol. 60(3), pages 395-404, September.
    18. M. Scattaglia, 1994. "Politiche per l'occupazione e Microfondamenti "Keynesiani" dell'economia del lavoro," Working Papers 196, Dipartimento Scienze Economiche, Universita' di Bologna.
    19. Frederic Dufourt & Rodolphe Dos Santos Ferreira, 2006. "Indeterminacy of Free Entry Equilibria: General Approach and Macroeconomic Applications," EcoMod2006 272100021, EcoMod.
    20. van Suntum, Ulrich, 2008. "The purchasing power argument: Could rising wages foster employment?," CAWM Discussion Papers 2, University of Münster, Münster Center for Economic Policy (MEP).
    21. Carlos Borondo, 1994. "La rigidez nominal de los precios de la Nueva Economía Keynesiana: una panorámica," Investigaciones Economicas, Fundación SEPI, vol. 18(2), pages 245-288, May.
    22. Julien, Ludovic A., 2003. "Chômage d’équilibre, équilibres multiples et défauts de coordination," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 79(4), pages 523-562, Décembre.
    23. Partha Sen, 1996. "Asset Bubbles In A Monopolistic Competitive Macro Model," Working papers 39, Centre for Development Economics, Delhi School of Economics.
    24. Cook, David, 2001. "Time to enter and business cycles," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 25(8), pages 1241-1261, August.
    25. Portier, Franck, 1995. "Le rôle des variations de taux de marge dans les fluctuations macroéconomiques conjoncturelles," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 71(2), pages 218-249, juin.

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