IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/diw/diwvjh/81-3-4.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Die Schaffung von Arbeitsplätzen und erfolgreicher Strukturwandel in Entwicklungsländern

Author

Listed:
  • Dani Rodrik

Abstract

Productivity growth and structural change are generally considered to be important determinants of economic growth. However recent research revealed that they do not necessarily lead to higher growth and employment rates. Recent studies, drawing on data from developing countries, showed that only the "right" kind of productivity growth resulted in higher employment rates. Enterprises in Africa and Latin America caught up in matters of technology; however, this process resulted in a substitution of employment by technology. The same is true for structural change; only the "right" kind of structural change caused more growth and employment. Whereas in Asia, labour shifted from the less productive agricultural sector to more productive sectors, in Africa and Latin America, labour switched from a relatively productive agricultural sector to even less productive informal sectors. Thus, policies have to focus on promoting the "right" kind of productivity growth and structural change. Possible means to this end could be avoiding an over-valuation of the local currency, as well as protecting local infant industries. Produktivitätswachstum und struktureller Wandel werden allgemein als wichtige Determinanten wirtschaftlicher Entwicklung betrachtet. Neuere Forschungsergebnisse zeigen jedoch, dass sie nicht notwendigerweise zu mehr Wachstum und Beschäftigung führen. Neuere Studien mit Daten aus Entwicklungsländern zeigen, dass nur das "richtige" Produktivitätswachstum zu mehr Beschäftigung geführt hat. In Afrika und Lateinamerika haben Unternehmen zwar technologisch aufgeholt, jedoch hat dieser Prozess zu einer Substitution von Beschäftigung durch Technologie geführt. Auch hinsichtlich des strukturellen Wandels hat nur der "richtige" Wandel zu mehr Wachstum und Beschäftigung geführt. Während in Asien die Arbeitskräfte aus der weniger produktiven Landwirtschaft in produktivere Sektoren wechselten, sind in Afrika und Lateinamerika Arbeitskräfte aus der vergleichsweise produktiveren Landwirtschaft in noch unproduktivere, informelle Sektoren abgewandert. Für die Politik bedeutet das, dass sie sich auf die Förderung des "richtigen" Produktivitätswachstums und strukturellen Wandels konzentrieren muss. Die Vermeidung einer Überbewertung der lokalen Währung, aber auch der Schutz der lokalen Industrie in deren frühen Entwicklungsstadien können dabei geeignete Mittel sein.

Suggested Citation

  • Dani Rodrik, 2012. "Die Schaffung von Arbeitsplätzen und erfolgreicher Strukturwandel in Entwicklungsländern," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 81(3), pages 33-43.
    • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:81-3-4
    DOI: 10.3790/vjh.81.3.33
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.3790/vjh.81.3.33
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.3790/vjh.81.3.33?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Maurice Kugler & John Haltiwanger & Adriana Kugler & Marcela Eslava, 2009. "Trade Reforms and Market Selection: Evidence from Manufacturing Plants in Colombia," 2009 Meeting Papers 615, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    2. Margaret S. McMillan & Dani Rodrik, 2011. "Globalization, Structural Change and Productivity Growth," NBER Working Papers 17143, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Antonio Ciccone & Elias Papaioannou, 2008. "Entry regulation and intersectoral reallocation," Economics Working Papers 1353, Department of Economics and Business, Universitat Pompeu Fabra.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. McMillan, Margaret & Rodrik, Dani & Verduzco-Gallo, Íñigo, 2014. "Globalization, Structural Change, and Productivity Growth, with an Update on Africa," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 11-32.
    2. Konté,Maty & Kouame,Wilfried Anicet Kouakou & Mensah,Emmanuel Buadi, 2021. "Structural Reforms and Productivity Growth in Developing Countries : Intra- or Inter-Reallocation Channel ?," Policy Research Working Paper Series 9733, The World Bank.
    3. Margaret S. McMillan & Dani Rodrik, 2011. "Globalization, Structural Change and Productivity Growth," NBER Working Papers 17143, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Khalid ElFayoumi & Anta Ndoye & Miss Sanaa Nadeem & Gregory Auclair, 2018. "Structural Reforms and Labor Reallocation: A Cross-Country Analysis," IMF Working Papers 2018/064, International Monetary Fund.
    5. Brian McCaig & Margaret S. McMillan & Iñigo Verduzco-Gallo & Keith Jefferis, 2015. "Stuck in the Middle? Structural Change and Productivity Growth in Botswana," NBER Working Papers 21029, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Alessandro Olper & Johan Swinnen, 2013. "Mass Media and Public Policy: Global Evidence from Agricultural Policies," The World Bank Economic Review, World Bank, vol. 27(3), pages 413-436.
    7. Douglas Gollin & David Lagakos & Michael E. Waugh, 2011. "The Agricultural Productivity Gap in Developing Countries," Working Papers 11-14, New York University, Leonard N. Stern School of Business, Department of Economics.
    8. Diane Coyle & Jen‐Chung Mei, 2023. "Diagnosing the UK productivity slowdown: which sectors matter and why?," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 90(359), pages 813-850, July.
    9. Naima Chrid & Sami Saafi & Mohamed Chakroun, 2021. "Export Upgrading and Economic Growth: a Panel Cointegration and Causality Analysis," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 12(2), pages 811-841, June.
    10. Paula Bustos & Juan Manuel Castro Vincenzi & Joan Monras & Jacopo Ponticelli, 2019. "Structural Transformation, Industrial Specialization, and Endogenous Growth," Working Papers wp2019_1906, CEMFI.
    11. Valensisi, Giovanni & Gauci, Adrian, 2013. "Graduated without passing? The employment dimension and LDCs' prospects under the Istanbul Programme of Action," MPRA Paper 86966, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    12. Nouf Alsharif & Sambit Bhattacharyya & Maurizio Intartaglia, 2016. "Economic Diversification in Resource Rich Countries: Uncovering the State of Knowledge," Working Paper Series 09816, Department of Economics, University of Sussex Business School.
    13. Glover, Steven & Jones, Sam, 2019. "Can commercial farming promote rural dynamism in sub-Saharan Africa? Evidence from Mozambique," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 110-121.
    14. Antonio Soares Martins Neto & Gilberto Tadeu Lima, 2017. "Competitive Exchange Rate and Public Infrastructure in a Macrodynamic of Economic Growth," Metroeconomica, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 68(4), pages 792-815, November.
    15. Harrison, Ann E. & Lin, Justin Yifu & Xu, Lixin Colin, 2014. "Explaining Africa’s (Dis)advantage," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 59-77.
    16. Benigno, Gianluca & Converse, Nathan & Fornaro, Luca, 2015. "Large capital inflows, sectoral allocation, and economic performance," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 60-87.
    17. Isis Gaddis & Stephan Klasen, 2014. "Economic development, structural change, and women’s labor force participation:," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 27(3), pages 639-681, July.
    18. Jenny Garcia Arias, 2024. "The Urban Bias in Latin American Avoidable Mortality," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 40(1), pages 1-24, December.
    19. Vikram Nehru, 2013. "Manufacturing in India and Indonesia: performance and policies," Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 49(1), pages 35-60, April.
    20. Mohamed Ali Marouani & Rim Mouelhi, 2016. "Contribution of Structural Change to Productivity Growth: Evidence from Tunisia," Journal of African Economies, Centre for the Study of African Economies, vol. 25(1), pages 110-132.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Employment; structural change; productivity growth;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L16 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Industrial Organization and Macroeconomics; Macroeconomic Industrial Structure
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • O4 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:81-3-4. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Bibliothek (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/diwbede.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.