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Die Rolle staatlicher Institutionen in asiatischen Innovationssystemen

Author

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  • Georg Erber
  • Harald Hagemann

Abstract

The economic growth of a country depends more and more on its capacity to innovate. Japan, South Korea and the P. R. of China acquire an increasing importance in the global location competition besides some smaller Asian threshold economies. Other countries such as India make also an effort to bring in their great potential of human capital as a location factor on a global level. In these countries major reforms of public institutions are made to increase the efficiency of national innovation policies in particular with regard towards the United States and Western Europe. We can observe that in Japan the government increases the steering potential on the innovation system via a Council for Science and Technology which is presided by the Prime Minister. In South Korea the President chairs the National Science and Technology Council which aims in particular for a better international linking of the Korean innovation system. The P.R. of China has started to develop an independent national strategy for the Hightech area only with a significant time lag. Currently the central government focuses its activities on the development of national research institutes and the remigration of Chinese scientists from abroad, particularly the U.S. Das Wirtschaftswachstum eines Landes hängt immer stärker von dessen Innovationsfähigkeit ab. Japan, Südkorea und die Volksrepublik China gewinnen neben einigen kleineren asiatischen Schwellenländern eine zunehmende Bedeutung im globalen Standortwettbewerb. Andere Länder wie Indien sind gleichfalls bestrebt, ihr großes Humankapitalpotential weltweit als Standortfaktor einzusetzen. Um insbesondere gegenüber den USA sowie den westeuropäischen Ländern ihre Wettbewerbsfähigkeit zu steigern, werden dort umfangreiche Reformen der staatlichen Institutionen zur effektiveren Gestaltung nationaler Innovationspolitik vorgenommen. Dabei ist in Japan zu beobachten, dass über ein Council for Science and Technology Policy (CSTP) unter dem Vorsitz des Ministerpräsidenten die Steuerungsmöglichkeiten auf das Innovationssystem gesteigert werden sollen. In Südkorea findet über das National Science und Technology Council (NSTC) unter dem Vorsitz des Präsidenten eine analoge Steuerung statt, die insbesondere die internationale Vernetzung des südkoreanischen Innovationssystems deutlich verbessern soll. Die VR China hat erst mit deutlichem zeitlichen Rückstand begonnen, eine eigenständige nationale Strategie für den Hochtechnologiebereich zu entwickeln. Derzeit konzentriert die Zentralregierung ihre Aktivitäten auf den Ausbau nationaler Forschungseinrichtungen und die Rückgewinnung von hochqualifizierten chinesischen Wissenschaftlern aus dem Ausland, insbesondere den USA.

Suggested Citation

  • Georg Erber & Harald Hagemann, 2008. "Die Rolle staatlicher Institutionen in asiatischen Innovationssystemen," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 77(2), pages 95-112.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:77-2-7
    DOI: 10.3790/vjh.77.2.95
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Innovation Systems; globalization; PR China; Japan; South Korea;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O38 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Government Policy
    • O43 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Institutions and Growth
    • O19 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - International Linkages to Development; Role of International Organizations
    • P52 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Comparative Economic Systems - - - Comparative Studies of Particular Economies

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